front 1 Desireable meds | back 1 Eesults in therapeutic effects |
front 2 Undesirable meds | back 2 Adverse/ side effects or complications |
front 3 What is a drug? | back 3 Any substance, other than food, used in the ____ disease Prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment, cure |
front 4 Factor impacts a drug mechanism of action? | back 4 Age |
front 5 Age | back 5 smaller med doses for the elderly "start low, go slow" All peds meds are weight-based |
front 6 Kidney/Liver disease | back 6 Causes toxicity |
front 7 Pharmacogenetics | back 7 the study of how a person's genes affect the way he or she responds to drugs - kidney/liver function |
front 8 Ethnopharmacology | back 8 Meds are absorbed and metabolized differently by people of different groups - think of enzyme CYP2D6 |
front 9 Agonist | back 9 Meds that bind to or mimic the receptor activity that endogenous compounds regulate ex: morphine sulfate bc activates receptors that produce analgesia, sedation, etc. |
front 10 Antagonist | back 10 Meds that can block the usual receptor activity that endogenous compounds regulate or the receptor activity of other meds |
front 11 Addiction | back 11 A psychological and physical dependence upon a substance beyond normal voluntary control, usually after prolonged use of a substance |
front 12 Dependence | back 12 When a person stops using a drug, their body goes through "withdrawal" : a group of physical and mental symptoms that can range from mild (if the drug is caffeine) to life-threatening ( such as alcohol or opioids) |
front 13 Tolerance of Drugs | back 13 Reduced reaction to drug following its repeated use. Increasing it dosage may re-amplify the drug's effects; however, this may accelerate tolerance, further reducing the drug's effects |
front 14 Tachyphylaxis | back 14 Rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug, rendering it less effective. |
front 15 Teratogenic Drugs | back 15 Drugs that cause developmental abnormalities |
front 16 X (teratogenic) | back 16 Fetal abnormalities reported and positive evidence of fetal risks in humans; use in pregnancy is contraindicated |
front 17 Teratogenic | back 17 C, D, X have significant risk involved |
front 18 Pharmacokinetics | back 18 The activity of drugs in the body over a period of time, including the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed in the body, localized in the tissues, and excreted |
front 19 Absorption | back 19 movement of the drug from the site of admin to various tissues of body FIRST PASS EFFECT |
front 20 FIRST PASS EFFECTS | back 20 drug gets metabolized at a specific location in the body that results in a reduced concentration of the active drug |
front 21 Distribution | back 21 the blood-brain barrier is a pharmacokinetic property that makes it difficult to treat various disease processes ex, brain cancer |
front 22 Metabolism | back 22 LIVER LIVER LIVER is responsible for the metabolism of drugs that occur in the body (90%) |
front 23 What are the 2 lab values we check when we are determining liver function? | back 23 ALT, AST |
front 24 Labs to check if meds is safe for Kidney/ Liver function | back 24 ALT/AST and BUN/Creatinine |
front 25 Liver test | back 25 AST/ALT |
front 26 Kidney test | back 26 BUN/Creatinine |
front 27 Anaphylaxis | back 27 severe allergic reaction involving the massive, systemic release of histamine and other chemical mediator of inflammation that can lead to life-threatening shock |
front 28 FIRST priority is to stop the med | back 28 Anaphylaxis |
front 29 Tips of Herbal Remedies | back 29 - DO NOT take if PREGNANT - DO NOT give to infants or young children -DO NOT take a large quantity of any herbal preparation |
front 30 tips for Herbal | back 30 high risk of reactions when Rx ( prescription ) or OTC (over the counter) drugs are combined with alternative meds |
front 31 Rights of Meds/ SAFETY ADMIN | back 31 right pt, right med, right dosage, right route, right time, right documentation, right client educ., right to refuse, right to assessment, right to eval |
front 32 Medication Reconcilation | back 32 Done on admission or first visit -ALL meds Rx, OTC, Herbals |
front 33 Medications | back 33 Documents immediately after you give the meds |
front 34 When do we re-evaluate the pt after giving meds? | back 34 PO- 1 hr IM- 30 min IV - 10 min |
front 35 AST | back 35 0-35 units/L |
front 36 ALT | back 36 4-36 units/L |
front 37 Creatinine M | back 37 0.6-1.2 mg/dL |
front 38 BUN | back 38 10-20 mg/dL |
front 39 Creatinine F | back 39 0.5-1.1 mg/mL |