front 5 7.
Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 6 8.
Injury to the hypothalamus may result in all of the following except ________.
a.
pathologic sleep
b.
production of excessive quantities of urine
c.
loss of body temperature control
d.
loss of proprioception | back 6 D. loss of proprioception |
front 7 2.
Which of the following brain wave forms, if present in an alert adult, would indicate brain damage? | |
front 8 10.
In addition to its vital role in maintaining overall body homeostasis, which brain region synthesizes two major body hormones (ADH and oxytocin)?
a.
hypothalamus
c.
thalamus
b.
epithalamus
d.
interthalamic adhesion | |
front 9 11.
The brain stem consists of the ________.
a.
midbrain only
b.
pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain
c.
midbrain, medulla, and pons
d.
cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla | back 9 C.midbrain, medulla, and pons |
front 10 12.
Which of the following is not a midbrain structure?
a.
cerebral peduncles
c.
red nucleus
b.
corpora quadrigemina
d.
third ventricle | |
front 11 3.
Brain wave amplitude ________.
a.
is the measure of activity of specific individual neurons
b.
reflects the number of neurons firing synchronously
c.
results from subtraction of delta waves from theta waves
d.
is an average of about 1 V | back 11 b.
reflects the number of neurons firing synchronously |
front 12 13.
Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei?
a.
globus pallidus
c.
substantia nigra
b.
lentiform nucleus
d.
putamen | |
front 13 14.
Which of the following is/are involved with motor activity (either initiation or coordination)?
a.
red nuclei
c.
Wernicke's area
b.
gustatory cortex
d.
postcentral gyrus | |
front 14 18.
The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________.
a.
medulla
c.
cerebrum
b.
midbrain
d.
pons | |
front 15 19.
The arbor vitae refers to ________.
a.
the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum
b.
cerebellar white matter
c.
flocculonodular nodes
d.
cerebellar gray matter | back 15 b.
cerebellar white matter |
front 16 27.
Which of the following brain systems is heavily involved in mediating emotional responses?
a.
limbic system
c.
reticular activating system
b.
reticular formation
d.
both a and b | |
front 17 20.
Professional ballet dancers have a particularly efficient function of which brain region?
a.
medulla oblongata
c.
cerebral cortex
b.
basal nuclei
d.
cerebellum | |
front 18 21.
Of the following brain regions, which, if severely damaged, would result in death?
a.
cerebellum
c.
medulla oblongata
b.
cerebral cortex
d.
basal nuclei | |
front 19 22.
All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________.
a.
cingulate gyrus
c.
hippocampus
b.
caudate nucleus
d.
amygdaloid nucleus | |
front 20 23.
One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in the control of the rate and depth of breathing.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 21 24.
The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 22 26.
The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 23 25.
The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________.
a.
limbic system
c.
reticular formation
b.
thalamus
d.
pyramids | |
front 24 4.
A flat EEG is a good indication of deep sleep.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 25 5.
Petit mal seizures found in children generally go away with age.
A. Ture
B. False | |
front 26 6.
Which statement about epilepsy is most accurate?
a.
The aura in grand mal epilepsy typically occurs as the patient regains consciousness.
b.
During seizures, sensory messages are processed normally but responses are blocked.
c.
Petit mal epilepsy typically begins in adolescence and is often severely disabling.
d.
Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma, stroke, infection, and tumor | back 26 D.Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma, stroke, infection, and tumor. |
front 27 7.
The terms fainting and syncope describe the same thing.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 28 8.
How does the metabolism of a person in deep sleep differ from that of a person in a coma?
a.
if in a coma, a person has no brain waves
b.
a person in a coma does not display consciousness signals
c.
a person in a deep sleep can be aroused
d.
a person in a coma consumes far less oxygen than does a sleeping person | back 28 D.a person in a coma consumes far less oxygen than does a sleeping person |
front 29 9.
Which statement about coma is true?
a.
Coma is defined as total unresponsiveness to stimuli for a long period of time.
b.
Coma is rarely caused by damage to brain stem structures.
c.
Coma is neurologically identical to syncope.
d.
During coma, brain oxygen consumption resembles that of a waking state. | back 29 a.
Coma is defined as total unresponsiveness to stimuli for a long period of time. |
front 30 10.
Theta and delta waves begin to appear.
a.
Stage 4
d.
Stage 2
b.
REM
e.
Stage 1
c.
Stage 3 | |
front 31 11.
The stage when vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature) reach their lowest normal levels.
a.
REM
d.
Stage 4
b.
Stage 3
e.
Stage 1
c.
Stage 2 | |
front 32 12.
Indicated by movement of the eyes under the lids; dreaming occurs.
a.
REM
d.
Stage 1
b.
Stage 4
e.
Stage 3
c.
Stage 2 | |
front 33 13.
Very easy to awaken; EEG shows alpha waves; may even deny being asleep.
a.
Stage 2
d.
Stage 3
b.
Stage 1
e.
REM
c.
Stage 4 | |
front 34 14.
Begins about 90 minutes after the onset of sleep.
a.
Stage 4
d.
Stage 3
b.
REM
e.
Stage 1
c.
Stage 2 | |
front 35 15.
Necessary for emotional health; may be neural "debugging."
a.
REM
d.
Stage 1
b.
Stage 4
e.
Stage 3
c.
Stage 2 | |
front 36 16.
A person is most likely to have a nightmare during which stage of sleep?
a.
NREM 1
c.
REM
b.
NREM 2
d.
NREM 3 and 4 | |
front 37 17.
Theta waves are a brain wave pattern that can be seen during deep sleep and during anesthesia. | |
front 38 18.
Which statement is not true?
a.
Ten-year-olds are in REM sleep about 1.5-2 hours per night.
b.
Stage 4 sleep increases in old age.
c.
Sleep requirements decline from infancy to early adulthood, level off, then decline again in old age.
d.
Half of infant sleep is composed of REM sleep. | back 38 B..
Stage 4 sleep increases in old age. |
front 39 19.
Of the following memory types, which are those that do not require conscious attention?
a.
declarative memory
c.
working memory
b.
short-term memory
d.
nondeclarative memory | |
front 40 20.
Nondeclarative memories preserve the context in which they are learned.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 41 21.
Declarative memory is not stored in the ________.
a.
mammillary body
c.
amygdala
b.
thalamus
d.
hippocampus | |
front 42 22.
The corpus striatum plays a special role in ________.
a.
face recognition
c.
fact learning
b.
spatial learning
d.
skill learning | |
front 43 23.
The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called ________.
a.
rehearsal
c.
consolidation
b.
long-term memory
d.
automatic memory | |
front 44 24.
Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory?
a.
prefrontal cortex
c.
amygdala
b.
hippocampus
d.
medulla | |
front 45 25.
Predict the outcome of attempts to learn new information in an individual with a mutation in the CREB gene.
a.
this individual would display characteristics of “photographic memory”
b.
this individual would learn new information no differently that a person with a normal CREB gene
c.
this individual would develop new memories slowly or not at all | back 45 c.
this individual would develop new memories slowly or not at all |
front 46 26.
The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges?
a.
dura and epidura
c.
arachnoid and dura
b.
arachnoid and pia
d.
arachnoid and epidura | |
front 47 27.
Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 48 28.
The cerebrospinal fluid ________.
a.
is secreted mostly by the ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles
b.
is secreted by the arachnoid villi
c.
is formed mostly by the choroid plexuses
d.
enters the four ventricles after filling and circulating through the subarachnoid space | back 48 C. is formed mostly by the choroid plexuses |
front 49 29.
Why is the blood-brain barrier ineffective against alcohol?
a.
alcohol is water-soluble
b.
it isn’t: alcohol cannot reach the brain
c.
alcohol is lipid-soluble
d.
the blood-brain barrier prevents only blood cells from reaching the brain | back 49 c.
alcohol is lipid-soluble |
front 50 30.
Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid?
a.
potassium
c.
red blood cells
b.
glucose
d.
protein | |
front 51 31.
The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________.
a.
metabolic waste such as urea
b.
alcohol
c.
anesthetics
d.
nutrients such as glucose | back 51 a.
metabolic waste such as urea |
front 52 32.
Which is the mildest consequence of traumatic brain injury?
a.
swelling
c.
contusion
b.
hemorrhage
d.
concussion | |
front 53 33.
One disorder of the substantia nigra is Parkinson's disease.
a.
True
b.
False | |
front 54 34.
Which of the following structures, if damaged, would produce less cerebrospinal fluid?
a.
arachnoid villi
c.
pia mater
b.
subarachnoid space
d.
choroid plexus | |