front 1 Neuron | back 1 A specialized type of nerve cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrochemical signals; neurons are made up of the dendrites, cell body (stoma), and axon |
front 2 Dendrites | back 2 branching, thread-like extensions of the cell body that receives information from other neurons and transmit electrical signals towards the cell body |
front 3 Cell Body (Stoma) | back 3 the cell's life support center; keeps the neuron functioning efficiently |
front 4 Communication | back 4 The dendrites of a neuron receive information from sensory receptors or other neurons This information is then transmitted to the cell body in the form of an electrical signal and then passed onto the axon and into the axon terminals The axon terminals must release a neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) across the synapses, the small gap between neurons, other the dendrites of an adjacent neuron The process by which these electrochemical messages are sent is called neurotransmissions |
front 5 Neurotransmission | back 5 The method by which neuros send electrochemical messages to the brain either from the environment or internal changes in the body
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front 6 Neurotransmitters | back 6 They are chemical messengers that carry signals between neurons and other cells in the body
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front 7 Excitatory Neurotransmitters | back 7 "excite" the neuron and cause it to fire off; they send signals that stimulate the brain |
front 8 Inhibitory Neurotransmitters | back 8 block or prevent the chemical message rom being passed along; they sned signals to calm the brain |
front 9 Dopamine | back 9 Both excitatory and inhibitory triggers the brain's reward and pleasure centers
addictive drugs such as cocaine and heroin cause hue increases in dopamine levels, leading to the high that people feel
also plays a key role in motor control and learning
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front 10 Study Used | back 10 Freed et al. (2001): Dopamine and Parkinson's |