front 1 Thyroid Hormone | back 1 increases metabolic rate that increases heat production and utilization of glucose for energy |
front 2 Growth Effects | back 2 stimulates growth of bone and cartilage, increases tissue growth |
front 3 Hyperthyroidism | back 3 autoimmune Grave's disease that results in over secretion of thyroid hormones, elevates BMR, and tissue catabolism |
front 4 Parathyroid Gland | back 4 parathyroid hormone increases CA2+ levels by stimulating osteoclasts to digest bone matrix |
front 5 Thyroid gland | back 5 follicles synthesize thyroglobulin and adds iodine to it |
front 6 Goiter | back 6 results from enlarged thyroid when iodine isn't available |
front 7 Calcitonin | back 7 produced by thyroid gland; lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity and releases calcium; regulates CA2+ concentration in blood |
front 8 Parathyroid gland increases | back 8 absorption of Ca2+ from gut and kidneys |
front 9 Adrenal Cortex | back 9 produces steroid hormones (corticosteroids) |
front 10 Adrenal Cortex 3 zones: | back 10 zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis |
front 11 Zona glomerulosa | back 11 makes mineralocorticoids (chiefly aldosterone) |
front 12 Zona fasciculata | back 12 makes glucocorticoids (chiefly cortisol) |
front 13 Zona reticularis | back 13 makes gonadcorticoids (androgens) |
front 14 Androgens | back 14 most important; dehydroepiandrosterone that converts to testosterone |
front 15 Androgen main source in females: | back 15 regulates sex drive |
front 16 Metabolic effects | back 16 increases protein synthesis, lipids for energy, and decreasing carbohydrates |
front 17 Secretion changes/increases by: | back 17 starvation, hypoglycemia, low fatty acid levels, stress from exercise, excitement, or trauma, and deep sleep |
front 18 Growth Hormone levels: | back 18 high in children; levels decrease throughout life |