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5 notecards = 2 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Loftus and Palmer (1974): Eyewitness Study

front 1

Aim

back 1

To investigate the effect of a leading question on memory of a witnessed event

front 2

Method

back 2

An experiment with independent measures design

front 3

Procedures

back 3

Participants were split into three groups and then shown a 1-minute film which contained a 4-second scene of a multiple car accident

Groups 1 and 2 were then given a questionnaire with the question: "how fast were the cats going when they ____ each other"

  • depending on the group, the verb "smashed or hit" was used

Group 3 was not questioned after watching the clip; control group

One week later without seeing the clip again, all participants answered 10 questions that included one critical question: "Did you see any broken glass"

front 4

Results

back 4

The more intense the verb, the more likely the participant answered "yes" to the broken glass question

front 5

Conclusion

back 5

  • Study supports the idea that memory can be easily distorted by questioning technique and post-event information causing inaccurate recall or reconstructive memory
  • Supports anchor memory
  • Different verbs served as anchors to participants, leading to varying reports of broken glass