front 1 fascia | back 1 layers of CT that separate muscles from one another and hold the muscle in place |
front 2 tendon | back 2 cordlike, connects muscle to bone |
front 3 aponeuroses | back 3 broad fibrous sheets; attach to bone or adjacent muscle |
front 4 myofibrils | back 4 thin and thick actin/ myosin filaments |
front 5 myosin | back 5 2 twisted protein strovids with globular ends called cross bridges - thick filaments - forms filaments that interact to contract muscle fibers |
front 6 actin | back 6 thin filaments; actin protein: double strands of actin twisted into helix -forms thin filaments that slide between filaments of the protein myosin, shortening muscle fibers |
front 7 sacromeres | back 7 repeating pattern of units |
front 8 neuromuscular junction | back 8 a synapse where neuron axon and skeletal muscle fiber interact |
front 9 acetylcholine (ACh) | back 9 neurotransmitters used by muscles |
front 10 sliding filament model | back 10 sarcomeres shorten and thick and thin filaments slide past one another - z lines closer, H and L narrow |
front 11 ATPase | back 11 enzyme that transfers the energy stored in terminal phosphate bonds of ATP molecules |
front 12 creatine phosphate | back 12 molecule in muscle that stores energy |
front 13 myoglobin | back 13 oxygen -storing pigment in muscle tissue |
front 14 oxygen debt | back 14 amount of oxygen muscle cells require after physical exercise to restore levels of glucose, ATP and creatine |
front 15 twitch | back 15 time between the application of a stimulus and the beginning of a response in a muscle fiber |
front 16 latent period | back 16 brief delay |
front 17 summation | back 17 increase force of contraction by a skeletal muscle fiber when a twitch occurs before previous twitch relaxes |
front 18 complete tetanic contraction | back 18 sustained contraction lacks even partial relaxation |
front 19 recruitment | back 19 increase in number of motor units taking part in a muscle contraction - multiple motor unit summation |
front 20 muscle tone | back 20 continuous state of partial contration |
front 21 isotonic contraction | back 21 equal force- equal change in length |
front 22 concentric contraction | back 22 shortening contraction |
front 23 eccentric contraction | back 23 lengthening contraction (less muscle force than opposing force) |
front 24 isometric contraction | back 24 tension within muscle increases and muscles remain the same length (equal length- change in force) |
front 25 peristalsis | back 25 wareike motion in tubular organs |
front 26 origin | back 26 less movable end |
front 27 insertion | back 27 more movable end |
front 28 prime mover (agonist) | back 28 muscle that causes an action |
front 29 synergists | back 29 muscle that assist agonist/ prime mover |
front 30 antagonists | back 30 muscle whose contraction causes movement in the opposite direction of the prime mover |