front 1 activation energy | back 1 the difference between the energy of an activated complex and the energy of the reactants of a chemical reaction; the energy with which particles must collide in order to react |
front 2 activated complex | back 2 a collection of intermediate structures in a chemical reaction that persist while bonds break and new bonds form; a range of configurations that atoms pass through in between clearly defined products and reactants. |
front 3 catalysis | back 3 the alteration of the rate of a chemical reaction because of the presence of a catalyst |
front 4 catalyst | back 4 a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy without being chemically changed by the reaction |
front 5 endothermic reaction | back 5 a chemical process that absorbs heat |
front 6 enthalpy | back 6 the heat content of a system at constant pressure |
front 7 entropy | back 7 a quantitative measure of the disorder or randomness of a system |
front 8 equilibrium | back 8 the concentrations of the reactants and products are constant and their ratio does not vary; forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate |
front 9 exothermic reaction | back 9 a chemical process that releases heat |
front 10 forward reaction | back 10 a chemical reaction that proceeds from left to right |
front 11 Le Chatelier's Principle | back 11 a principle that states that a reversible reaction at equilibrium will shift is a direction that will offset a stress such as pressure or concentration changes, imposed on a system |
front 12 potential energy | back 12 the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors. |
front 13 potential energy diagram | back 13 a diagram that shows the potential energy changes of the substances in a reaction over a period of time |
front 14 reaction rates | back 14 changes in the concentration of reactants and products per unit of time as the reaction proceeds |
front 15 reaction rates | back 15 changes in the concentration of reactants and products per unit of time as the reaction proceeds |
front 16 reversible reaction | back 16 a reaction in which the conversion of reactants to products and the conversion of products to reactants occurs simultaneously |
front 17 spontaneous reaction | back 17 a process that proceeds on its own without any outside intervention |