front 1 Polysaccharides cannot be used by cells: a. as fuel storage molecules. b. for structural elements in cell walls. c. for structural elements in animal exoskeletons. d. for the extracellular matrix in animal cells. e. All of the answers are correct. | back 1 e |
front 2 _____ is the systematic characterization of all carbohydrate components of a given cell or tissue. a. Genomics e. Lipidomics | back 2 c |
front 3 In a(n) _____, the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon chain, but in a(n) _____, the carbonyl group can be at any other position. a. aldose; ketose b. ketose; aldose c. hexose; heptose d. aldose; hexose e. ketose; tetrose | back 3 a |
front 4 Which is the MOST plausible reason why most hexoses of living organisms are D isomers?
| back 4 d |
front 5 Which answer choice is the BEST description of the benefits that are provided by the extended conformation that the heteropolysaccharide glycosaminoglycans assume in solution?
| back 5 e |
front 6 Which monosaccharide is NOT a hexose? a. fructose b. ribose c. mannose d. glucose e. galactose | back 6 b |
front 7 Which statement is NOT true regarding phosphorylated sugar? a. It is trapped inside the cell. b. It is relatively stable at neutral pH. c. It is activated for subsequent chemical transformation. This is true it is destabilized for further reactions. d. It can be a component of a nucleotide. e. All of the statements are true. | back 7 e |
front 8 When drawing a Haworth perspective formula from a Fisher projection, which statement is true regarding anomers?
| back 8 d |
front 9 Which disaccharide has an anomeric carbon available for oxidation? a. Glc(α1↔1α)Glc b. Glc(α1↔2β)Fru e. None of the answers is correct. | back 9 e |
front 10 During which process are chemical bonds NOT broken? a. mutarotation b. interconverting between two configurations c. interconverting between two conformations d. interconverting between two anomers e. None of the answers is correct: all involve breaking a chemical bond. | back 10 c |
front 11 Following complete hydrolysis of a sample of glycogen and a sample of cellulose, which statement must be true?
| back 11 c |
front 12 Which modification cannot be made to a sugar molecule by an organism? a. oxidation of the carbonyl carbon d. replacing a hydroxyl group with a hydrogen atom e. All of the answer choices are possible sugar derivatives. | back 12 e |
front 13 Which is a heteropolysaccharide? a. cellulose b. chitin e. starch | back 13 d |
front 14 Which statement about dextrans is false? a. Dextrans are bacterial extracellular adhesives. e. All of the statements are true. | back 14 d |
front 15 Which factor is NOT a part of determining the complete structure of an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide? a. determination of linear sequence b. determination of lectin partners c. determination of branching positions | back 15 b |
front 16 Which statement about cellulose is true?
| back 16 c |
front 17 Which polysaccharide is NOT a homopolysaccharide? a. glycogen b. chitin e. dextran | back 17 d |
front 18 Which glycosaminoglycan is found in the synovial fluid of joints?
| back 18 c |
front 19 The polysaccharide chitin is MOST chemically similar to:
| back 19 a |
front 20 Which pair are NOT digestible by vertebrates?
| back 20 c |
front 21 In amylose, the MOST stable structure is a _____, which is stabilized by _____.
| back 21 a |
front 22 The hydrogen bonding in cellulose has what effect?
| back 22 e |
front 23 Which statement about starch and glycogen is false?
| back 23 c |
front 24 Which statement about hydrogen bonding in glycogen and cellulose is true?
| back 24 d |
front 25 In most cases, in order for an informational carbohydrate to become a biologically active molecule it must:
| back 25 d |
front 26 Several types of human joint and skeletal defects are a result of a defect in a biosynthetic enzyme responsible for synthesis of:
| back 26 a |
front 27 Which statement about heparan sulfate is NOT true?
| back 27 c |
front 28 Which type of protein interaction is NOT one with the NS domains of heparan sulfate?
| back 28 e |
front 29 Which statement accurately describes the interactions between the molecules thrombin, antithrombin, and heparan sulfate?
| back 29 c |
front 30 The basic structure of a proteoglycan consists of a core protein and a:
| back 30 b |
front 31 Which statement is false regarding proteoglycans?
| back 31 b |
front 32 Oligosaccharides differ from nucleic acids and proteins in that oligosaccharides are commonly:
| back 32 a |
front 33 Under what circumstance might an organism's patterns of glycosylation NOT be altered?
| back 33 e |
front 34 _____ are secreted or membrane proteins that contain large numbers of O-linked oligosaccharide chains. a. Gangliosides b. Mucins c. Glycins | back 34 b |
front 35 _____ could be used to determine human blood group type. a. Lipopolysaccharides d. Lipoproteins e. Mucins | back 35 b |
front 36 Which description of a ganglioside is MOST accurate?
| back 36 d |
front 37 About what percentage of mammalian proteins are glycosylated? a. 5% b. 15% c. 50% d. 90% e. 95% | back 37 c |
front 38 In glycoproteins, the carbohydrate moiety is always attached through the amino acid residues: a. asparagine, serine, or threonine. b. aspartate or glutamate. | back 38 a |
front 39 Which compound(s) is a dominant feature of the outer membrane of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria?
| back 39 d |
front 40 Which statement is NOT a reason that it is difficult to study oligosaccharide composition from biological systems?
| back 40 d |
front 41 A glycoconjugate may include a carbohydrate as well as a(n):
| back 41 d |
front 42 _____ are secreted or membrane proteins that contain large numbers of O-linked oligosaccharide chains. a. Gangliosides | back 42 b |