front 1 atom | back 1 basic unit of matter |
front 2 nucleus | back 2 center of the atom holds the protons and neutrons |
front 3 proton | back 3 positively charged particle in an atom has mass identifies atoms of a particular element |
front 4 neutron | back 4 no charge has mass can lead to isotopes of an element |
front 5 electrons | back 5 negatively charged particles in an atom determine chemical behavior |
front 6 valence electrons | back 6 the electrons in the outermost electron orbital |
front 7 electron orbital (shell) | back 7 area outside of the nucleus in an atom that holds the electrons |
front 8 atomic number | back 8 the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom identifies an element |
front 9 atomic mass | back 9 the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
front 10 ion | back 10 an atom that has an unequal number of protons and electrons |
front 11 neutral atom | back 11 atom that has an equal number of protons and electrons |
front 12 isotope | back 12 atoms of the same element that vary by mass (difference is due to the number of neutrons) |
front 13 covalent bond | back 13 bond formed between atoms that share electrons to fill their outermost electron shell |
front 14 ionic bond | back 14 when one atom gives up an electron to another atom Creates positive and negative ions that attract each other |
front 15 polar covalent bond | back 15 covalent bond where the electrons are not shared equally and create slightly positive and negatively charged ends of the molecule |
front 16 compound | back 16 substance composed of two or more different elements |
front 17 molecule | back 17 substance composed of two atoms bonded together |
front 18 acid | back 18 a substance that releases hydrogen ions into solution pH 0-6.9 the lower the number the stronger it is |
front 19 base | back 19 a substance that releases OH- ions into solution pH 7.1-14 The higher the number the stronger it is |
front 20 Buffer | back 20 substance that bind H+ ions, or release them to maintain homeostasis |
front 21 pH | back 21 measure of the H+ ions and OH- ions in a solution |
front 22 solvent | back 22 substance that dissolves another material |
front 23 solute | back 23 substance that is dissolved in a solution |
front 24 solution | back 24 one substance dissolved in another |
front 25 concentration | back 25
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front 26 cohesion | back 26 attraction between the water molecules, stick together, surface tension |
front 27 adhesion | back 27 attraction among molecules of different substances, water to sticking to other molecules |