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26 notecards = 7 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus

front 1

There are two major lobes of the Pituitary Gland. Name them.

back 1

1. Posterior Pituitary aka Neurohypophysis

2. Anterior Pituitary aka Adenohypophysis

front 2

What type of tissue is the posterior pituitary gland made of?

back 2

Neural tissue

front 3

What neurohormones are transported and stored in the posterior pituitary?

back 3

1. oxytocin

2. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

front 4

Where are the neurohormones oxytocin and ADH produced?

back 4

hypothalamus

front 5

What is the name of the neural connection that the neurohormones travel on to their storage area in the neurohypophysis?

back 5

Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal tract

front 6

What is the name of the vascular connection from the anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus?

back 6

Hypophseal portal system

front 7

Hormones of the anterior pituitary are not released until the hypothalmus releases chemicals to do so. (true or false)

back 7

True

front 8

What are the targets and effects of Oxytocin?

back 8

Targets - uterus

Effects - causes uterine contractions

front 9

What are the targets and effects of ADH or antidiuretic hormone?

back 9

Target - kidneys

Effects - reabsorption of water

front 10

Diabetes Insipidus would be a result of hyposecretion (deficiency) of what hormone?

back 10

ADH - antidiuretic hormone (insatiable thirst)

front 11

List 6 hormones produced by the cuboidal cells of the anterior pituitary gland

back 11

1. growth hormone - GH
2. prolactin - PRL
3. lutenizing hormone - LH
4. follicle stimulating hormone - FSL
5. adrenocorticotropic hormone - ACTH
6. thyroid stimulating hormone - TSH

front 12

What is a tropic hormone?

back 12

regulates secretory action of other endocrine glands

front 13

Which hormones found in the adenohypophysis are tropic hormones?

back 13

TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH

front 14

All hormones of the adenohypophysis activate cAMP second messenger systems at their target except this one hormone. Which is it?

back 14

growth hormone

front 15

What are the targets and effects of growth hormone?

back 15

targets - generalized; especially muscle and bone

effects -encourages use of fatty acids for energy

front 16

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in children results in _______?

back 16

gigantism

front 17

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults results in _________?

back 17

acromegaly

front 18

How can you distinguish the difference in gigantism from acromegaly?

back 18

Acromegaly results in ABNORMAL body proportions i.e. large hands, head and feet

front 19

Hyposecretion of growth hormone in children results in ________?

back 19

pituitary dwarfism

front 20

What are the target and effects of ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone?

back 20

target -adrenal cortex

effect - release of cortisol or corticosteriods

front 21

What internal and external factors can cause the release of corticosteriods such as cortisol?

back 21

Fever, hypoglycemia, and stressors

front 22

What are the two gonadtropins produced in the adenohypophysis?

back 22

FSL and LH

front 23

What are the targets and effects of follicle stimulating hormone?

back 23

Targets - ovaries and testes

Effects - stimulates sperm or egg production

front 24

What are the targets and effects of lutenizing hormones?

back 24

Targets - ovaries and testes

Effects - promotes production or estrogen in females and testosterone in males

front 25

What are the targets and effects of prolactin?

back 25

targets - breasts

effects - milk production (lactation)

front 26

Hypersecretion of prolactin in males will have what effect on them?

back 26

causes impotence