front 1 TRUE OR FALSE
| back 1 True |
front 2 The epithelial type that has a single layer of cells resting on a basement membrane with an irregular arrangement of nuclei is what? | back 2 Pseudostratified Ciliated columnar |
front 3 The cell junction that is located on the lateral surface on an epithelial cell; intermediate fibers, and the protein cadherin is what? | back 3 Desmosome |
front 4 The cell junction that is noted for a channel created by the what? | back 4 Gap junction |
front 5 The cell junction that prevent the separation of the epithelial cell from the basement membrane is what? | back 5 Hemidesmosome |
front 6 The tissue from which all other connective tissue eventually arises is what? | back 6 Mesenchyme |
front 7 Connective tissue with a clear, liquid matri that flows in lymphatic vessels is what? | back 7 Lymph |
front 8 Connective tissue consisting of several kinds of cells, containing all three fiber types randomly arranged and found in the subcutaneous layer deep to the skin is what? | back 8 Areolar Connective Tissue |
front 9 A loose connective tissue specialized for triglyceride storage is what? | back 9 Adipose Tissue |
front 10 Tissue that contains reticular fibers and reticular cells and forms the stroma(soft internal skeleton) of certain organs such as the spleen is what? | back 10 Reticular loose connective Tissue |
front 11 Tissue found in the lungs that is strong and can recoil back to its original shape after being stretched is what? | back 11 Elastic Connective Tissue |
front 12 Tissue with irregularly arranged collagen fibers found in the dermis of the skin is what? | back 12 Dense Irregular Connective Tissue |
front 13 Tissue that affords flexibility at joints and reduces joint friction is what? | back 13 Fibrocartilage |
front 14 Bundles of collagen arranged in parallel patterns; Compose tendon and ligaments is what? | back 14 Dense Regular Connective Tissue |
front 15 Tissue that forms the internal framework of the body and works with skeletal muscle to generate movement is what? | back 15 Bone |
front 16 Tissue that contains a network of elastic fibers, providing strength, elasticity, and maintenance of shape; One location is the external ear | back 16 Elastic Cartilage |
front 17 Connective tissue with formed elements suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma is what? | back 17 Blood |
front 18 The mot abundant cell in connective tissue that is responsible for laying down the connective tissue matrix and fibers is what? | back 18 Fibroblast |
front 19 The basic cell of loose areolar connective tissue is what? | back 19 Fibroblast |
front 20 What is formed by chondroblasts and covers the ends of long bones and many structures of the respiratory tract? | back 20 Hyaline cartilage |
front 21 The joint capsule is composed of what? | back 21 Dense irregular connective tissue |
front 22 Cartilage tissue are likely to be slow in healing following an injury because what? | back 22 The lack of direct blood supply |
front 23 In the repair process of skin and bone, the process by which nutrients and oxygen are supplied to fibroblasts and osteoblasts are called what? | back 23 Angiogensis |
front 24 Intervertebral disc are made up of what? | back 24 Fibrocartilage |
front 25 Articular cartilage at the ends of bones are made up of what? | back 25 Hyaline articular cartilage |
front 26 The most abundant type of cartilage in the body is what? | back 26 Hyaline Cartilage |
front 27 The blood-brain barrier is an excellent example of which of the following types of cell junctions? | back 27 Tight Junction |
front 28 TRUE OR FALSE
| back 28 True |
front 29 Epithelial tissue consists of what? | back 29 Covering or lining epithelium and grandular epithelium |
front 30 Transitional epithelium is classified as what? | back 30 Stratified epithelium |
front 31 The epithelium type that has a single layer of cell resting on a basement membrane with an irregular arrangement of nuclei is what? | back 31 Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar epthelium |
front 32 The cell junction that is located on the lateral surface of an epithelial cell and has a protein plaque, intermediate fibers, and the protein cadherin is what? | back 32 Desmosome |
front 33 Goblet cells secrete what? | back 33 Mucous |
front 34 What area would you find transitional epithelial cells? | back 34 Ureters and bladder |
front 35 What area would you find simple squamous epithelial cells? | back 35 Air Sacs(alveoli) of the lungs |
front 36 What are would you find simple cuboidal epithelial cells? | back 36 Kidney tubules |
front 37 What area would you find simple columnar epithelial cells? | back 37 GI tract |
front 38 What area would you find Pseudostratified columnar epthelial cells? | back 38 Upper airways |
front 39 What are the epithelial cells that are noted for secretion and absorption? | back 39 Simple cuboidal and Simple Columnar |
front 40 What layer of epithelium skin is not present in all tissues? | back 40 Stratum Lucedium |
front 41 As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface what happens? | back 41 The cells die |
front 42 Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of what? | back 42 melanin |
front 43 Skin cells play an important role in the production of what vitamin? | back 43 Vitamin D |
front 44 The deepest cells of the epidermis make up what layer? | back 44 Stratum Basale(germinativum) |
front 45 What type of gland is associated with a hair follicle? | back 45 Sebaceous gland |
front 46 The type of epidermal cell that produces the fibrous protein that gives the epidermis its protective coating is the what? | back 46 Keratinocyte |
front 47 Melanocytes reside in which layer of the skin? | back 47 Stratum basale(germinativium) |
front 48 The layer of the skin that is most associated with "waterproofing" is what? | back 48 Stratum granulosum |
front 49 The correct order of strata of the skin from the deepest to superficial is what? | back 49 Stratum basale(germinativium)
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front 50 The langerhans' cell in the dermis is actually what? | back 50 Macrophage |
front 51 The type of gland that is abundant throughout the body, including the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, and exits via pores on the skin surface is what? | back 51 Eccrine sweat glands |
front 52 The area of the hair follicle that supplies nutrients via blood vessels to the growing hair is what? | back 52 Papilla |
front 53 Temperature regulation, protection and sensation are functions of what? | back 53 The skin |
front 54 What serves as a protective function due to sensory receptors located in the dermis? | back 54 Integumentary System |
front 55 What layer of the epidermis is most associate with withstanding shearing forces? | back 55 Stratum spinosum |
front 56 The dermal connective tissue at the base of hair follicle is termed a what? | back 56 Papilla |
front 57 What layer of the epidermis seals the wound moving from outermost edge inward? | back 57 The basale layer |
front 58 Scar tissue forms at the site of the dermal injury providing strength but often lacking what? | back 58 Flexibility |
front 59 New blood vessels form to carry oxygen and nutrients to the site in cases of wounds that what? | back 59 Extend deep into the dermis layer |
front 60 What is most suited for areas of the body which require support of delicate structures such as small blood vessels? | back 60 Reticular Connective Tissue |
front 61 What is most suite in areas of the body which require great strength and flexibility? | back 61 Dense Irregular Connective Tissue |
front 62 What is widely distributed in the body as it contains all type of connective tissue fibers or strength, elasticity and support? | back 62 Loose Areolar Connective tissue |
front 63 What is the primary cell that helps repair the dermal layer? | back 63 Keratinocyte |
front 64 Exocrine glands secrete their products where? | back 64 Into a duct or lumen |
front 65 What shapes are acinar cells? | back 65 Round |
front 66 What are termed simple vs. compound based upon amount of branching | back 66 Glands |
front 67 What pair of bone cells are most similar in function? | back 67 Osteoblasts and Osteocytes |
front 68 What type of bone is composed of trabecule? | back 68 Spongy bone |
front 69 The primary ossification center of fetal bones is located in what region of the long bones? | back 69 Diaphysis Region |
front 70 The hormone that works in an opposite manner to parathyroid hormone is called what? | back 70 Calcitonim |
front 71 Osteocytes communicate with each other how? | back 71 Gap junctions |
front 72 What type of bone is embedded in a tendon? | back 72 Sesamoid bone |
front 73 The fibrous connective tissue between muscle and bone is called what? | back 73 Tendon |
front 74 During childhood bone grows in width by the process of what? | back 74 Appositional growth |
front 75 What is an example of a bone that forms by endochondral ossification? | back 75 Femur |
front 76 The vertebrae is classified as what type of bone? | back 76 Irregular |
front 77 Bone forming cells are called what? | back 77 Osteoblasts |
front 78 If blood calcium levels decrease, parathyroid levels do what? | back 78 Increase |
front 79 The connective tissue fibers that connect the periosteum to the bone is called what? | back 79 Sharpey's fibers |
front 80 The cell processes of an osteocytes lie in what site? | back 80 Caniliculi |
front 81 What is the name of the part of a long bone covered by hyaline articular cartilage? | back 81 Metaphysis |
front 82 What structures can be found in a Haversian/(central) canal? | back 82 Nerves, arteries and veins |
front 83 The structural unit of compact bone is the what? | back 83 Osteon |
front 84 Blood vessels in a Volkman's Canal(central) run in what direction to the blood vessels in a Haversian(perforating) canal? | back 84 Perpendicular |
front 85 The lamelae in an osteon all run in what direction? | back 85 different |
front 86 The two major ions that comprise bone are called what? | back 86 Calcium and Phosphorus |
front 87 In adults the red bone marrow is most abundant in what? | back 87 Epiphyseal spongy bone |
front 88 Cartilage and bone occupy small chambers called what? | back 88 Lacunae |
front 89 Signs and Symptoms
| back 89 Marfan Syndrome |
front 90 Support for bones, cartilage and cornea of the eye | back 90 Keratan Sulfate |
front 91 Supports for skin, tendons, blood vessels, and heart valves | back 91 Dermatan sulfate |
front 92 Support for cartilage, bone, skin and blood vessels | back 92 Chondroitin Sulfate |
front 93 Viscous, slippery substance that binds cells together, lubricates joints and maintains eyeball shape | back 93 Hyaluronic Acid |
front 94 The cell ruptures in order to release its secretions; The cell is destroyed so you have to make a new one. | back 94 Holocrine |
front 95 Secretions are released in secretory vesicles via exocytosis | back 95 Merocrine |
front 96 The simple squamous epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels | back 96 Endothelium |
front 97 The simple squamous epithelium that lines serous membranes | back 97 Mesothelium |
front 98 Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells | back 98 Areolar loose connective tissue |
front 99 Wraps and cushions organs and is locate under the epithelia body | back 99 Areolar loose connective tissue |
front 100 Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells,have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplets | back 100 Adipose loose connective tissue |
front 101 Provides reserve food fuel and is located under skin; around kidneys and eyeballs | back 101 Adipose loose connective tissue |
front 102 The process of forming scar tissue is termed what? | back 102 Fibrosis |
front 103 Parafllicular cells (located in the thyroid but totally separate from thyroid hormone producing cells) synthesize and secrete what? | back 103 Calcitonin |
front 104 Fibroblast synthesize what? | back 104 Collagen |
front 105 When a bone develops from a fibrous membrane, the process is called _________ ______________, and the bone is called a _________ __________. | back 105 Intramembranous ossification
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front 106 Bone development by replacing hyaline cartilage is called _________ _________, and the resulting bone is called a ___________ or ___________, bone | back 106 Endochondral ossification
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front 107 What results in the formation of cranial bones of the skull and the clavicle? | back 107 Intramembranous ossification |
front 108 In flat bones, the spongy bone is called what? | back 108 diploe |
front 109 What refers to a group of diseases in which bone resorption outpaces bone deposit? | back 109 Osteoporosis |
front 110 Cartilage cells undergo mitosis in what zone? | back 110 Proliferation |
front 111 Older cartilage cells en large in what cell? | back 111 Hypertrophic |
front 112 The matrix becomes calcified; cartilage cells die; matrix begins deteriorating in what zone? | back 112 Calcification |
front 113 New bone formation is occurring in what zone? | back 113 Ossification |
front 114 What zone is the cartilage relatively inactive? | back 114 Resting |
front 115 What is it called when the edges of the wound are brought together by sutures, staples or other means used to close surgical incisions. Only small amounts of granulation tissue need be formed. | back 115 Healing by first intention |
front 116 What is it called when the wound edge remain separated, and the gap is bridged by relatively large amounts of granulation tissue; the manner in which unattended wounds heal. | back 116 Healing by second intention |
front 117 Abnormal proliferation of connective tissue during healing of skin wounds; results in large, unsightly mass of scar tissue at the skin surface. What is this called? | back 117 Keloid |
front 118 What is a nutritional deficiency caused by lack of adequate vitamin C needed to synthesize collagen called? | back 118 Scurvy |
front 119 Signs and symptoms
| back 119 Scurvy |
front 120 What transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and other substances and is located within blood vessels | back 120 blood |
front 121 What transit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors(muscle and glands) which control their activity. | back 121 Nervous tissue |
front 122 Where is nervous tissue located? | back 122 Brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
front 123 What is long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; with obvious stiations? | back 123 Skeletal muscle |
front 124 What has the function of voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control? | back 124 Skeletal musce |
front 125 Where are skeletal muscles located? | back 125 skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin |
front 126 What is branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions (intercalated discs) | back 126 Cardiac muscle |
front 127 What has the function as it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control? | back 127 Cardiac muscle |
front 128 Where is cardiac muscle located? | back 128 ONLY in the walls of the heart |
front 129 What is spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei; no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets? | back 129 Smooth muscle cells |
front 130 What has the function; Propels substances or objects along internal passageways; involuntary control | back 130 Smooth muscle Cells |
front 131 Where are smooth muscle cells located? | back 131 Mostly in walls of hollow organs |
front 132 Where is loose reticular connective tissue located? | back 132 Lymphnoids |
front 133 Where is dense regular connective tissue located? | back 133 Tendons, most ligaments,aponeruroses |
front 134 What has the function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstanding great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction? | back 134 Dense regular connective tissue |
front 135 What is able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength? | back 135 Dense irregular connective tissue |
front 136 Where is Dense irregular connective tissue located? | back 136 Fibrous capsules of organs and joints; dermis of skin; submucosa of digestive tract |
front 137 Inflammation sets the stage.
| back 137 Tissue repair |
front 138 A delicate pink tissue composed of several elements which contain capillaries that grow in from nearby areas and lay down a new capillary bed is called what? | back 138 Granulation tissue |
front 139 Tissue trauma causes injured tissue cells, macrophages, mast cells and others to release inflammatory chemicals, which cause the capillaries to dilate and become very permeable.
| back 139 Inflammation |
front 140 The clot is replaced by granulation tissue, which restores the vascular supply.
| back 140 Organization |
front 141 The fibrosed area matures and contracts; the epithelium thickens.
| back 141 Regeneration |
front 142 What kind of cell is shaped like a spiky heimsphere and functions as a sensory receptor for touch? | back 142 Tactile(merkel) cells |
front 143 What kind of cell is star shaped arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. It functions to ingest foreign substances and are key activators of our immune sytstem. | back 143 Langerhan's cells |
front 144 Eccrine and Apocrine glands are what kinds of glands? | back 144 Sweat(sudoriferous) glands |
front 145 What kinds of glands occur all over the body surface except the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet? | back 145 Sebaceous(oil) glands |
front 146 What is an avascular, keratinized sheet of stratified squamous epithelium? | back 146 Epidermis |
front 147 What is composed mainly of dense, irregular connective tissue, is well supplied with blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves? | back 147 Dermis |
front 148 The external ear and the epiglottis is made up of what? | back 148 Elastic cartilage |
front 149 The pubic symphysis and the meniscus cartilage is made up of what? | back 149 Fibrocartilage |
front 150 A hematoma forms.
| back 150 Bone repair |