front 1 when I say parathyroid, you should think | back 1 calcium |
front 2 caused by disorders affecting the anterior pituitary gland or the hypothalamus | back 2 hypothyroidism |
front 3 enlargement of thyroid gland secondary to thyroid gland hypertrophy in an attempt to produce TH; not cancerous | back 3 goiter |
front 4 clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? | back 4
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front 5 condition resulting from an increased deposition of glycosaminoglycans in cells and tissues | back 5 myxedema |
front 6 the diagnosis of hypothyroidism is confirmed through analysis of laboratory data, including ___, ___, and ___ | back 6 T3, T4, and TSH |
front 7 primary treatment for hypothyroidism? | back 7 replacement of thyroid hormone |
front 8 the most commonly prescribed medication for hypothyroidism? | back 8 levothyroxine (Synthroid) |
front 9 what is important teaching for our patients taking levothyroxine (Synthroid)? | back 9
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front 10 what are T3, T4, and TSH levels doing in hypothyroidism? | back 10 T3 and T4 are decreased TSH is increased |
front 11 in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, the increases in dosage of levothyroxine are made cautiously because? | back 11 sudden increases in cardiac rate and contractility secondary to the medication may lead to angina or CHF |
front 12 possible complication of hypothyroidism? | back 12
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front 13 most severe type of hypothyroidism and is characterized by hypoxia and CO2 retention (secondary to hypoventilation), fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and hypothermia; bradycardic and hypotensive | back 13 myxedema coma |
front 14 patients with hypothyroidism who are receiving sedatives, hypnotics, or narcotics require close observation because?? | back 14 the metabolism of the medication is slower, and respiratory compromise may occur with normal dosages |
front 15 most common cause of hyperthyroidism and is an autoimmune disorder involving antibodies that bind to the thyroid gland, resulting in enlargement of the thyroid gland and subsequent hypersecretion of thyroid hormone | back 15 Graves' disease |
front 16 accelerated metabolism is characteristic of hyperthyroidism and affects most body systems | back 16 hyperthyroidism |
front 17 hyperthyroidism clinical manifestations? | back 17
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front 18 what are T3, T4, and TSH levels doing in hyperthyroidism? | back 18
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front 19 pharmacological agents that may be used for symptom management include? | back 19 beta-adrenergic blocking agents because these agents slow heart rate and decrease palpitations |
front 20 patients with hyperthyroidism require close monitoring of their fluid and electrolyte status because?? | back 20 the hypermetabolic state increases insensible water loss through perspiration as well as elevated metabolic rate |
front 21 thyrotoxicosis is a medical emergency requiring definitive treatment to prevent | back 21 respiratory compromise and cardiac collapse |
front 22 what are the 2 most common anti-thyroid meds? | back 22
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front 23 postop thyroidectomy things to monitor for? | back 23 airway compromise, hemorrhage, hypocalcemia secondary to removal of all parathyroid gland tissue and damage to the laryngeal nerve |
front 24 postop thyroidectomy, the patient is positioned in __________ to??? | back 24 semi-fowler's to ease the work of breathing and to decrease the risk of aspiration of oral secretions associated with lying flat on the back |
front 25 a _______ is maintained at the bedside because of the risk of respiratory compromise secondary to postoperative swelling, tetany, and laryngeal damage | back 25 tracheostomy tray |
front 26 what are some things that may be indicative of laryngeal nerve damage? | back 26
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front 27 what can develop with poorly managed hyperthyroidism? | back 27 thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis |
front 28 clinical manifestations of thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis? | back 28
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front 29 during hyperthyroid crisis, the patient must be monitored closely for? | back 29
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front 30 Ca+ range? | back 30 8.2-10.2 |
front 31 Mg+ range? | back 31 1.6-2.2 |
front 32 Phosphorus range? | back 32 2.5-4.5 |
front 33 hypocalcemia is the primary disorder of? | back 33 hypoparathyroidism |
front 34 clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism? | back 34
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front 35 what are calcium, PTH, and phosphate levels during hypoparathyroidism? | back 35 low calcium and PTH high phosphate |
front 36 hypocalcemia is a medical emergency when associated with tetany and laryngospasm because | back 36 this complicates placement of the ET tube; a trach tray is often placed at the bedside of patients at risk as a result of thyroid surgery or severe hypocalcemia |
front 37 in patients with a history of cardiac disease, IV administration of calcium should be slow to minimize | back 37 hypotension and bradycardia |
front 38 what are some foods high in calcium used in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism? | back 38 fruits and fruit juices
dark green, leafy vegetables
soy products |
front 39 causes hypercalcemia secondary to its actions on bone, kidneys, and the bowel | back 39 hyperparathyroidism |
front 40 clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism? | back 40
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front 41 in hyperparathyroidism, increased fluid intake is indicated to minimize potential? | back 41 renal injury secondary to elevated calcium, and in patients with mild disease, increased oral fluid intake may treat the disorder |
front 42 patients with hyperparathyroidism should decrease consumption of? | back 42 calcium-containing antacids and vitamin D |
front 43 what medication should be avoided in patients with hyperparathyroidism because it increases the reabsorption of calcium in the kidney? | back 43 thiazide diuretics |
front 44 what are calcium, PTH, and phosphate levels during hyperparathyroidism? | back 44 high calcium and PTH low phosphate |
front 45 The nurse correlates which clinical manifestation to the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism? A. Cold intolerance B. Weight loss C. Insomnia D. Diarrhea | back 45 A. |
front 46 The nurse correlates an increase in which laboratory value to the diagnosis of primary hyperthyroidism? A. Thyroxine (T4) B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) C. Serum calcium D. Serum iodine | back 46 A |
front 47 The patient experiencing thyroid storm is ordered to receive beta-adrenergic agents. The nurse monitors for which therapeutic effect of these medications? A. Increased respiratory rate B. Increased appetites C. Decreased heart rate D. Decreased bowel sounds | back 47 C |
front 48 The nurse correlates a positive Chvostek sign to hyposecretion of which hormone? A. Thyroxin (T4) B. Thyrocalcitonin C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) D. Triiodothyronine (T3) | back 48 C |
front 49 The nurse monitors the calcium levels closely in the patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) because hypocalcemia may lead to which complication? A. Elevated heart rate B. Dysrhythmias C. Increased cardiac contractility D. Hypertension | back 49 B |
front 50 The nurse prioritizes which nursing diagnosis in the patient after partial parathyroidectomy? A. High risk for ineffective airway clearance linked to hypocalcemia B. High risk for ineffective breathing pattern linked to hypercalcemia C. High risk for hyperventilation linked to hypersecretion of triiodothyronine D. High risk for airway compromise linked to insufficient iodine stores | back 50 A |
front 51 A nurse is caring for a client who is 8hr postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. In which of the following positions should the nurse keep the client? A. High fowler's with neck extended B. High fowler's with neck in a neutral position C. Semi-fowler's with neck extended D. Semi-fowler's with neck in a neutral position | back 51 D. Semi-fowler's with neck in a neutral position |
front 52 A nurse is caring for a client who has developed agranulocytosis as a result of taking propylthiouracil to treat hyperthyroidism. The nurse should understand that this client is at increased risk for which of the following conditions? A. Excessive bleeding B. Ecchymosis C. Infection D. Hyperglycemia | back 52 C. Infection |
front 53 decrease in WBC | back 53 agranulocytosis |
front 54 A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? A. Exophthalmos B. Palpitations C. Weight gain D. Diaphoresis | back 54 C. Weight gain |
front 55 A nurse is caring for a client who had total thyroidectomy and a serum calcium level of 7.6mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Tingling of the extremities B. Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes C. Shortened QT intervals D. Constipation | back 55 A. Tingling of the extremities |
front 56 A nurse is teaching about levothyroxine with a client who has primary hypothyroidism. Which of the following statements should the nurse use when teaching the client? A. "Take this medication until your symptoms are gone and then discontinue." B. "Tremors, nervousness, and insomnia may indicate your dose is too high." C. "Symptoms improve immediately after starting the medication." D. "The medication decreases the overproduction of the thyroid hormone thyroxine." | back 56 B. |
front 57 A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Lethargy B. Exopthalmos C. Weight loss D. Photophobia | back 57 A. Lethargy |
front 58 A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse should include in the teaching that the client is at risk for which of the following complications? A. Impaired skin integrity B. Fluid retention C. Pathologic fractures D. Dysphagia | back 58 C. Pathologic fractures |
front 59 A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients has a manifestation of hypoparathyroidism? A. A client who has a vitamin D of 25ng/mL B. A client who has a magnesium of 1.8mEq/L C. A client who has a calcium of 9.8mg/dL D. A client who has a phosphate of 5.7mg/dL | back 59 D. |
front 60 A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoparathyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Flaccid muscles B. Client report of numbness in his hands C. Negative Chvostek's sign D. Client report of anorexia | back 60 B. Client report of numbness in his hands |