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53 notecards = 14 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Basic Radiographic Terms

front 1

The patients colon may be cleansed by one or any combination of the following:(3)

back 1

Limited

diet laxative

enema

front 2

Radiolucent

back 2

can be easily penetrated by x-rays

ex.air & cloth

front 3

Radiopaque

back 3

cannot be penetrated easily by x-ray

ex. bone & metal

front 4

the rhythmic action of the muscular tissue of the alimentary tract

back 4

peristalsis

front 5

Involuntary motion is caused by the following:

back 5

  • heart pulsation
  • chill
  • peristalsis
  • tremor
  • spasm
  • pain

front 6

Voluntary motion resulting from a lack of control is caused by the following:

back 6

  • nervousness
  • discomfort
  • excitability
  • mental illness
  • fear
  • age
  • breathing

front 7

What is the primary method of reducing involuntary motion or voluntary motion due to lack of control?

back 7

length of exposure time

less exposure time the better

front 8

designed to help with significantly varied tissue thickness and density within a body part

back 8

compensating filters

front 9

The simplest and most common of the compensating filter shapes

back 9

wedge

front 10

The distance from the anode focal spot inside the X-Ray tube to the IR

back 10

Source-to-image receptor distance(SID)

front 11

What are the most common filter materials

back 11

aluminum and high-density plastics

front 12

The distance between the focal spot of the radiography tube and skin of the patient

back 12

Source-to-skin distance(SSD)

front 13

The following primary factors must be taken into account when the correct foundation technique is being established for each unit:

back 13

  • Milliampere-seconds(mAs)
  • kVp
  • AECs
  • Source-to-image receptor distance(SID)
  • relative patient or part thickness
  • grid
  • CR/DR exposure indicators or other digital exposure value estimates
  • IR or collimated field dimension
  • electrical supply characteristics(phase, frequency)

front 14

The greater the SID, the _____ magnification and the _____ the spacial resolution.

back 14

less, greater

front 15

restriction of the radiation field

back 15

Collimation

front 16

What are the 2 reasons for collimation?

back 16

reduce the amount of exposure

reduce the amount of scatter radiation thus helping contrast resolution

front 17

All radiographs must include the patient and procedure information required by institutional policy. This information customarily includes:

back 17

  • Date
  • patients name or identification number
  • right or left marker
  • institution identity

front 18

Term applied to the science of the structure of the body

back 18

anatomy

front 19

the study of the functions of the body's organs

back 19

Physiology

front 20

The detailed study of the body of knowledge related to the bones of the body

back 20

Osthi ology

front 21

What are the 4 fundamental body planes?

back 21

  • Sagittal
  • Coronal
  • Horizontal
  • oblique

front 22

The 2 great cavities of the torso

back 22

Thoracic and abdominal cavity

front 23

What is in the thoracic cavity?

back 23

  • pleural membranes
  • lungs
  • trachea
  • esophagus
  • pericardium
  • heart and great vessels

front 24

What is in the abdominal cavity?

back 24

  • peritoneum
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • pancreas
  • spleen
  • stomach
  • intestines
  • kidneys
  • ureters
  • major blood vessels

front 25

What is in the pelvic portion?

back 25

  • Rectum
  • urinary bladder
  • parts of the reproductive system

front 26

9 Abdominal Regions:

back 26

front 27

4 major types of body habitus and their percentages:

back 27

  • sthenic-50%
  • hyposthenic-35%
  • Asthenic-10%
  • Hyperstenic-5%

front 28

More than 85% of the population either _______ or a ________ has a body habitus

back 28

sthenic or hyposthenic

front 29

How many bones are there in the body?

how many bones are there in the axial skeleton?

how many bones are there in that appendicular skeleton?

back 29

Total: 206

Axial skeleton: 80 bones

Appendicular skeleton: 126

front 30

Classification of bones:

back 30

  • Long
  • short
  • flat
  • irregular
  • sesamoid

front 31

Anterior (ventral)

back 31

Refers to forward or front part of body or forward part of an organ

front 32

Posterior (dorsal)

back 32

Refers to the back part of the body organs

front 33

Caudad

back 33

away from the head of the body

front 34

cephalad

back 34

towards the head of the body

front 35

inferior

back 35

refers to nearer the feet or situated below

front 36

superior

back 36

refers to nearer the head or situated above

front 37

Central

back 37

Refers to middle area or main part of an organ

front 38

peripheral

back 38

Refers to parts at or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part

front 39

contralateral

back 39

refers to part or parts on the opposite side of the body

front 40

ipsilateral

back 40

refers to part or parts on the same side of the body

front 41

parietal

back 41

refers to the wall or lining of a body cavity

front 42

dorsum

back 42

refers to the top or anterior surface of the foot or to the back or posterior surface of the hand

front 43

palmer

back 43

Refers to the Palm of the hand

front 44

plantar

back 44

Refers to the sole of the foot

front 45

Supine position with the head tilted downward

back 45

trendelenburg

front 46

Supine position with the head higher than the feet

back 46

Fowler

front 47

The recumbent position with the patient lying on the left anterior side (semiprone) with left leg extended and right knee and thigh partially flexed

back 47

sims

front 48

Supine position with knees and hips flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally supported by ankle or knee supports

back 48

Lithotomy

front 49

Indicates that the patient is lying down and that the central rate is horizontal in parallel with the floor

back 49

decubitus

front 50

Achieve by having a patient lean backwards while in the upright body position so that only the shoulders are in contact with the IR

back 50

lorodotic

front 51

Used to describe the body part as seen by the IR

back 51

view

front 52

circumduction

back 52

Circular movement of a limb

front 53

deviation

back 53

Turning away from the regular standard or course