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Psychology: Chapter 3 Notes

front 1

Biological Psychologists

back 1

A link between our behavior(Psychological processes) and biological structures.

front 2

Key areas of biological psychologist study

back 2

Nervous system-Endocrine system-Heredity

front 3

Heredity-

back 3

effect the way we look and act

front 4

Endocrine system

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Secretion of hormones

front 5

Nervous system

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Brain and tracks of all the nerves

front 6

Nervouse system

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Regulates internal functions and how we relate the external world. When we learn new information.

front 7

Two areas of the nervouse system

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Central & Peripheral

front 8

Centeral

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Brain and spinal cord

front 9

Peripheral

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made up of nerve cells that send messages between the centeral nervouse system and all areas of the body.

front 10

Neurons

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send messages and communicate with each other

front 11

Cell Body

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produces energy that fuels cells activity

front 12

Dendrites

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thin fibers that receive the message from other neurons and send the message to the cell body

front 13

Axons

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do the same as a dendrite in a different direction. There are less Axons. They carry the message away from the cell body.

front 14

Myelin

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helps speed up the transmission of the message

front 15

Heath

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protective barrier around the axon

front 16

Axon Terminals

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at the end of the axon

front 17

Synapse

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a bridge between two neurons

front 18

Types of Neurons

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Sensory & Motor

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Sensory Neurons

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are nerve cells that carry information recieved by the senses to the centeral nervouse system.

front 20

Motor Neurons

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carries information from the centeral nervouse system to the muscles, glands, and influence their functions

front 21

Types of Neurotransmitters

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Acetylocholine, Dopamine, Serotonin, Noradenaline

front 22

Acetylocholine

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involved in the control of muscles

front 23

Dopamine

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Motor Behavior (Parkinson's disease)

front 24

Serotonin

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Emotional arousal

front 25

Noradenaline

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preparing the body for action

front 26

Centeral Nervous system

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made up of meurons of the spinal cord and the brain

front 27

Spinal reflexes

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automatic response to something. ex. removing your hand from a hot stove

front 28

Peripheral Nervouse system

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outside the centeral nervouse system. It transfers messages from centeral nwevouse system to extremities of the body.

front 29

Two divisions of the Peripheral system

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Somatic & Automatic

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Somatic

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Transmits sensory messages to the centeral nervouse system

front 31

Automatic

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Occurring involuntarily-regulates the bodies bital functions such as heartbeat, breathing, digestion, and blood presure.

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Autonomic Nervouse System

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Sympathetic & Parasympathetic

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Symathetic

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ACTIVATED energy reserve after an action has occured

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Parasympathetic

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RESTORES energy reserve after an action has occured

front 35

Brian

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the control center

front 36

Three areas of the brain

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Hindbrain, Mid-brain, and forebrain

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Hindbrain

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Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum

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Medulla

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controls heartbeat, blood presure, and breathing

front 39

Pons

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In front of the medulla. Body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness.

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Cerbellum

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"little brain" Balance and coordination

front 41

Mid-brain

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Vision and hearing

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Apart of the mid-brain Reticular Activation System

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Attention, sleep, and arousal- makes people alert
(Sorts out noises rather than alerting you to all of them.)

front 43

Forebrain

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Thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebrum

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Thalmus

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relay station for sensory information. It takes messages from the eyes, pain sensations from a pinched finger, or a loud bang when a firecracker goes off.

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Hypothalamus

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Below the thalmus. Regulates body temp., storage of mutrients, motivation, and emotion

front 46

Limbic system

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Memory, emotion, hunger, sex, and aggression

front 47

Cerebral Cortex

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composed of two sides- left and right hemisphere

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Corbus callosum

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is what commects the two sides

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Four sides of the Cerbeal cortex

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Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, teporal lobe, and occipital lobe

front 50

Frontal lobe

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helps us move our body

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Parietal lobe

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skin senses-cold, touch, pain

front 52

Temporal lobe

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Hearing and auditory

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Occipital lobe

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Visual

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Association areas

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areas that put all the different forms of stimulus together. (3-D objects)

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Language functions

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most ofger in the left hemisphere for most people, even left handed people

front 56

Broca's area-frontal lobe

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controls areas of the fave used for speaking

front 57

Wernicke's area-teporal lobe

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pieces together sounds and sights. Damage to this area may make it difficulty to understand what someone is saying

front 58

Right and left brain

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Right brain-associated with logic, problem solving and mathematical computation (Logical)
Left brain-more concered with imagination, art feelings, and special relations. (Creative)

front 59

The corpus callosum is cut to work on such things as severe epilepsy.

back 59

After this type operation the two hemispheres can no longer communicate and thus it is earier for psychologists to study their serparate operations or tasks.