front 1 Anti diuretic hormone acts on ___________, to retain water, which in turn ___________ blood volume and pressure | back 1 kidney, increase |
front 2 Aldosterone acts on the kidney to retain ____________, which in turn __________ blood volume & pressure | back 2 salt, increase |
front 3 this hormone initiates the signaling process when blood pressure is reduced to the kidney | back 3 renin |
front 4 Anti-Diuretic Hormone is released by the _________. | back 4 pituitary gland |
front 5 Aldosterone is released by the ___________. | back 5 adrenal gland |
front 6 Angiotensin II is released by the ___________. | back 6 liver |
front 7 Atrial Naturitic Peptide is released by the ___________. | back 7 atria of heart |
front 8 Renin is released by the _____________. | back 8 kidney |
front 9 Which hormones increase blood pressure by increasing blood volume? | back 9 aldosterone and anti-diuretic hormone |
front 10 Which hormone decreases blood pressure by vasodilation? | back 10 atrial naturitic peptide |
front 11 Increasing cardiac output (increases/decreases) mean arterial pressure | back 11 increases - cardiac output is the amount of blood your heart pumps through the circulatory system in a minute - when your heart is beating both faster and stronger cardiac output increases -MAP is the average arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle. perfusion pressure seen by the organs in the body |
front 12 if water is retained by the body, as in the case of vasopressin, blood pressure tends to | back 12 increases |
front 13 if the heart is stimulated by epinephrine, a sympathetic hormone, blood vessel diameter(increases/decreases) in size. | back 13 decreases, because epinephrine increases vasoconstriction |
front 14 if preload increases due to a decrease in compliance in large veins, blood pressure in the pulmonary circuit (increases/decreases) | back 14 increases, because force is increasing |
front 15 Nitric Oxide (NO) is released constantly by endothelium in vessels; when released it causes diameter of the vessel to (increase/decrease) | back 15 increase - NO is a vasodilator |
front 16 impaired lung function due to hypo-ventilation causes a decrease in circulation oxygen, increase in carbon dioxide, and decrease in PH. These factors lead to activation of vessels by causing a(n) (increase/decrease) in blood pressure. | back 16 increase; sympathetic ANS stimulated |
front 17 during inflammation, mast cells release histamine, which causes localized vessel changes that (increase/decrease) blood flow and (increase/decrease) blood pressure at the site of infection | back 17 increase, decrease |
front 18 platelets are actively involved in blood clotting. During this process, they release thromboxane A2, which causes local vessel diameter to (increase/decrease) which causes blood flow at the site to (increase/decrease) | back 18 decrease (constrict), decrease |
front 19 if there is an increase in inotropy, than there is an increase in stroke volume that leads to changes in cardiac output and subsequently (increase/decrease) blood pressure | back 19 increase - inotropy is contractility - stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected during cardiac muscle contraction |
front 20 in chronic hypertension, there is a thickening of the artery wall which leads to a(n) (increase/decrease) in vessel diameter and a(n) (increase/decrease) in blood pressure | back 20 decrease, increase |
front 21 Aorta, Common Carotid, Common Iliac, Pulmonary Trunk are examples; these vessels have thick tunica media with embedded elastin to enhance recoil to maintain blood pressure (type of vessel) | back 21 large elastic artery |
front 22 valves are present in this vessel which is primarily found within muscle groups or attached to peripheral organs; thin tunica media and thick tunica externa (type of vessel) | back 22 medium vein - only veins have valves |
front 23 most abundant vessel type carrying oxygenated blood; contribute most to overall blood pressure and resistance by performing vasomotion; thick tunica media (type of vessel) | back 23 resistance arteriole |
front 24 allows leukocytes to emigrate from bloodstream into tissues;low pressure vessel carrying deoxygenated blood from capillary beds (type of vessel) | back 24 venule |
front 25 distributes oxygenated blood to specific organs and muscle groups, contains two distinct layers of elastin that surround the tunica media | back 25 medium muscular artery |
front 26 vena cava, internal jugular, pulmonary veins, renal veins are examples;these vessels have thick tunica externa and rely on compression to pressurize and move blood | back 26 large vein |
front 27 whic layer of the vessel contains areolar connective tissue? | back 27 tunica externa |
front 28 in a vein, this layer of the wall is the thickest | back 28 tunica externa - veins need a lot of connective tissue so that they don't roll around |
front 29 the tunica intima consists of which tissue type? | back 29 simple squamous; endothelium |
front 30 the tunica media consists of what tissue type | back 30 smooth muscle |
front 31 the majority of the blood in the body is found in the........... | back 31 veins |