front 1 Which of the following vertebral areas have a lordotic curve? 1. Cervical 2. Thoracic 3. Lumbar a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 | back 1 1 and 3 |
front 2 The first cervical vertebra is called the: a. axis. b. atlas. c. dens. d. vertebra prominens | back 2 atlas. |
front 3 The vertebra prominens is the name given to the _____ vertebra. a. first cervical b. second cervical c. seventh cervical d. first thoracic | back 3 seventh cervical |
front 4 The openings in the cervical vertebrae for the transmission of the vertebral artery and vein are called the: a. transverse foramen. b. vertebral foramina. c. intervertebral foramina. d. inferior vertebral notch | back 4 transverse foramen. |
front 5 The intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine open: a. laterally. b. 45 degrees anteriorly. c. 70 degrees anteriorly. d. 45 degrees anteriorly and 15 degrees inferiorly. | back 5 45 degrees anteriorly and 15 degrees inferiorly. |
front 6 The zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection? a. AP b. Lateral c. AP oblique d. PA oblique | back 6 Lateral |
front 7 Where should the center of the IR be positioned for the “open mouth” AP projection of the atlas and axis? a. To the “Adam’s apple” b. First cervical vertebra c. Second cervical vertebra d. Fourth cervical vertebr | back 7 Second cervical vertebra |
front 8 For which projection is the patient instructed to softly phonate “ah” during the exposure? a. Lateral cervical vertebrae b. AP “open mouth” atlas and axis c. AP dens, Fuchs method d. AP axial cervical spine | back 8 AP “open mouth” atlas and axis |
front 9 Which of the following is placed perpendicular to the tabletop for the AP axial cervical vertebrae? a. Glabellomeatal line b. Orbitomeatal line c. Acanthiomeatal line d. The occlusal plane | back 9 The occlusal plane |
front 10 Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cervical spine? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 10 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 11 The central-ray angle for an AP axial of cervical vertebrae is: a. 10 degrees cephalad. b. 20 degrees cephalad. c. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad. d. variable, depending on the body habitus | back 11 15 to 20 degrees cephalad. |
front 12 How are small weights applied to the arms for the lateral projection of the cervical spine (Grandy method)? a. Affixed to the elbows b. Affixed to the wrists c. Held in the hands d. Held by the fingers | back 12 Affixed to the wrists |
front 13 Where is the IR centered for a lateral cervical spine (Grandy method)? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 13 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 14 Where is the central ray directed for a lateral cervical spine? a. Third cervical vertebra b. Fourth cervical vertebra c. Fifth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 14 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 15 What is the recommended SID for the lateral cervical spine (Grandy method)? a. 40 inches b. 48 inches c. 40 to 55 inches d. 60 to 72 inches | back 15 60 to 72 inches |
front 16 The respiration phase for a lateral cervical spine is: a. full expiration. b. full inspiration. c. suspended respiration. d. softly phonate “ah” during the exposure. | back 16 full expiration. |
front 17 The Grandy method is a(n): a. lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae. b. lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region. c. AP/PA thoracolumbar spine. d. lateral thoracolumbar spine | back 17 lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae. |
front 18 Where is the central ray centered for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral cervical spine? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 18 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 19 The phase of respiration for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral cervical spine is: a. shallow breathing. b. suspended respiration. c. full expiration. d. full inspiration | back 19 suspended respiration. |
front 20 Which projection of the cervical spine will demonstrate the lower five zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine? 1. Lateral 2. Lateral in hyperflexion 3. Lateral in hyperextension a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 | back 20 1, 2, and 3 |
front 21 Where is the IR centered for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral projection of the cervical spine? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 21 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 22 The intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine are demonstrated on which of the following projections? 1. AP axial 2. AP axial oblique 3. PA axial oblique a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 | back 22 2 and 3 |
front 23 How much is the body rotated for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. 45 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 70 degrees d. 40 to 60 degrees | back 23 45 degrees |
front 24 What is the central-ray angle for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. 15 degrees cephalad b. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad c. 15 to 20 degrees caudad d. Perpendicular | back 24 15 to 20 degrees cephalad |
front 25 Which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? a. Those farthest from the IR b. Those closest to the IR c. Both sides equally demonstrated d. The inferior six closest to the IR | back 25 Those farthest from the IR |
front 26 Where is the central ray directed for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 26 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 27 What is the recommended SID for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? a. 40 inches b. 48 inches c. 54 inches d. 60 to 72 inches | back 27 60 to 72 inches |
front 28 How much is the body rotated for a PA axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. 30 degrees b. 45 degrees c. 50 degrees d. 60 degrees | back 28 45 degrees |
front 29 Where is the central ray directed for a PA axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. Second cervical vertebra b. Third cervical vertebra c. Fourth cervical vertebra d. Seventh cervical vertebra | back 29 Fourth cervical vertebra |
front 30 What is the central-ray angle for the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? a. 45 degrees cephalad b. 45 degrees caudad c. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad d. 15 to 20 degrees caudad | back 30 15 to 20 degrees caudad |
front 31 Which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? a. Those closest to the IR b. Those farthest from the IR c. Both sides are equally demonstrated d. The inferior side farthest from the IR | back 31 Those closest to the IR |
front 32 The respiration phase for an AP or PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine is: a. shallow breathing. b. suspended respiration. c. full inspiration. d. full expiration. | back 32 suspended respiration. |
front 33 Which of the following methods uses a chewing motion of the mandible to demonstrate the cervical spine in an AP projection? a. Ottonello b. Grandy c. Twining d. Fuchs | back 33 Ottonello |
front 34 Which projection is recommended to demonstrate the cervical vertebral arches or pillars when the patient cannot hyperextend the neck? a. AP axial b. PA axial c. AP axial oblique with right and left head rotation d. Lateral projection, dorsal decubitus position | back 34 AP axial oblique with right and left head rotation |
front 35 What is the central-ray angulation for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine on a trauma patient? a. 15 to 20 degrees caudad b. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad c. 30 to 40 degrees caudad d. 30 to 40 degrees cephalad | back 35 30 to 40 degrees caudad |
front 36 Where does the central ray exit for the AP axial oblique projection to demonstrate the cervical spine pillars and laminae? a. C4 b. C5 c. C7 d. T2 | back 36 C7 |
front 37 The swimmer’s technique lateral projection is performed to demonstrate the: a. cervical vertebrae. b. thoracic vertebrae. c. atlas and axis. d. cervicothoracic vertebrae | back 37 cervicothoracic vertebrae |
front 38 Which vertebra contains both an anterior and a posterior arch? a. Cervical b. Thoracic c. Lumbar d. Sacral | back 38 Cervical |
front 39 The vertebral foramen of the first cervical vertebra contains the: 1. dens. 2. facets. 3. spinal cord. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 | back 39 1 and 3 |
front 40 The second cervical vertebra is called the: a. dens. b. atlas. c. axis. d. vertebra prominens. | back 40 axis. |
front 41 How many foramina are located in each cervical vertebra? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four | back 41 Three |
front 42 The superior and inferior articular processes of the cervical spine form thick columns called the: a. facets. b. laminae. c. pedicles. d. articular pillars | back 42 articular pillars |