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AP Practice Chapter 13

front 1

Elaine feels that her life is empty, has lost all interest in her career and hobbies, and wonders if she would be better off dead. She is most likely suffering from:

A)a dissociative identity disorder.
B)a generalized anxiety disorder.
C)an antisocial personality disorder.
D)a mood disorder.
E)agoraphobia.

back 1

D)a mood disorder.

front 2

Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event that render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is most clearly showing signs of:

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)post-traumatic stress disorder.
D)dissociative identity disorder.
E)dysthymic disorder.

back 2

C)post-traumatic stress disorder.

front 3

Catatonia is characterized by:

A)periods of immobility or excessive, purposeless movement.
B)offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
C)a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal.
D)hyperactive, wildly optimistic states of emotion.
E)delusions of persecution.

back 3

A)periods of immobility or excessive, purposeless movement.

front 4

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. These have been replaced with psychiatric hospitals in which attempts were made to diagnose and cure those with psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of:

A)the trait perspective.
B)the legal insanity defense.
C)the DSM-IV.
D)the medical model.
E)linkage analysis.

back 4

D)the medical model.

front 5

Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from:

A)compulsions.
B)catatonia.
C)delusions.
D)hallucinations.
E)post-traumatic stress disorder.

back 5

C)delusions.

front 6

A sudden loss of memory is one of the symptoms of a(n):

A)bipolar disorder.
B)dissociative disorder.
C)panic disorder.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E)antisocial personality disorder.

back 6

B)dissociative disorder.

front 7

Jeremy often misinterprets normal bodily sensations such as hunger pangs as symptoms of serious illnesses such as stomach cancer. His experience is most indicative of

A)Mania
B)Hypochondriasis
C)General anxiety disorder

back 7

B)Hypochondriasis

front 8

Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates:

A)schizophrenia.
B)dissociative identity disorder.
C)bipolar disorder.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E)Antisocial personality disorder

back 8

E)Antisocial personality disorder

front 9

Lenore is unexplainably and continually tense and is plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from a(n):

A)phobia.
B)dissociative disorder.
C)dysthymic disorder.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E)generalized anxiety disorder.

back 9

E)generalized anxiety disorder.

front 10

Andrea experiences extreme anxiety when approaching the shoreline of any lake. Her therapist suggests that her fear results from a traumatic boat accident she experienced as a child. The therapist's suggestion reflects a ________ perspective.

A)psychoanalytic
B)biological
C)learning
D)humanistic
E)trait

back 10

C)learning

front 11

A current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders is known as the

A)A medical model
B)Biopsychosocial approach
C)DID
D)DMS-IV-TR

back 11

D)DMS-IV-TR

front 12

Which of the following best illustrates a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

A)Hallucinations
B)Delusions
C)Inappropriate rage
D)Social withdrawl

back 12

D)Social withdrawl

front 13

The relationship between the season of the year in which people are born and their subsequent risk of schizophrenia best highlights the role of ________ in this disorder.

A)glutamate receptors
B)viral infections
C)oxygen deprivation
D)learned helplessness

back 13

B)viral infections

front 14

An overabundance of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine is most likely to be associated with:

A)a dissociative disorder.
B)a manic episode.
C)schizophrenia.
D)dysthymic disorder.
E)antisocial personality disorder.

back 14

B)a manic episode.

front 15

Therapeutic drugs that block dopamine receptors are most likely to reduce:

A)hallucinations.
B)depression.
C)agoraphobia.
D)dissociative disorders.
E)generalized anxiety disorder.

back 15

A)hallucinations.

front 16

People around the world may experience the same genetically based disorder quite differently depending on their own personal expectations and the definitions of abnormality common to their unique culture. This best illustrates the need for:

A)the DSMIV.
B)the medical model.
C)linkage analysis.
D)the legal insanity defense.
E)a bio-psycho-social perspective.

back 16

E)a bio-psycho-social perspective.

front 17

The avoidance of situations in which help may not be available when panic strikes is most characteristic of: a) dissociative identity disorder.

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)dysthymic disorder.
C)a manic episode.
D)agoraphobia.

back 17

D)agoraphobia.

front 18

The social-cognitive perspective has linked the experience of depression to:

A)learned helplessness.
B)unresolved childhood anger.
C)external attributions for failure.
D)disruptions in conscious awareness.
E)a lack of guilt feelings.

back 18

A)learned helplessness.

front 19

Janette, a 30-year-old teacher, regularly loses her temper and experiences tension and fatigue. Her behavior is most likely to be diagnosed as psychologically disordered if it is:

A)personally disabling and a cause of suffering.
B)a reaction to the stresses of her career.
C)not caused by a biological impairment.
D)a symptom of her own unconscious conflicts.
E)indicative of a lifelong personality style.

back 19

A)personally disabling and a cause of suffering.

front 20

If researchers discovered that genetically influenced abnormalities in brain structure contribute to bipolar disorder, this would most clearly add credibility to:

A)the DSM-IV.
B)the medical model.
C)the social-cognitive perspective.
D)psychoanalytic theory.
E)the humanistic perspective.

back 20

B)the medical model.

front 21

After participants in one study were informed that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases such as “a passive type” and “frightened of his own impulses.” This study best illustrated the:

A)value of a psychoanalytic perspective.
B)dangers of dissociative identity disorder.
C)unreliability of the DSM-IV.
D)biasing power of
E)diagnostic labels.
F)shortcomings of the social-cognitive perspective.

back 21

D)biasing power of

front 22

Symptoms that may be misperceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of:

A)bipolar disorder.
B)panic disorder.
C)dysthymic disorder.
D)catatonia.
E)obsessive-compulsive disorder.

back 22

B)panic disorder.

front 23

23. Although Mark realizes that his behavior is unreasonable, he is so alarmed by high bridges or expressway overpasses that he avoids them by taking an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from a(n):

A)obsessivecompulsive disorder.
B)mood disorder.
C)phobia.
D)dissociative disorder.
E)generalized anxiety disorder.

back 23

C)phobia.

front 24

Without success, Maxine spends hours each day trying to suppress intrusive thoughts that she might have forgotten to lock her house when she left for work. Her experience is most symptomatic of:

A)a panic disorder.
B)an obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C)a generalized anxiety disorder.
D)a dissociative disorder.
E)a histrionic personality disorder.

back 24

B)an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

front 25

A dysthymic disorder is most likely to be characterized by:

A)a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion.
B)a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal.
C)alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.
D)a persistent irrational fear of other people.
E)a persistently sad mood and low energy level.

back 25

E)a persistently sad mood and low energy level.

front 26

Mr. Hoffman has always been cautious with his money, but over the past two weeks he has developed grandiose plans to bet his entire life savings on a single horse race. With unrestrained exuberance he has also been giving everybody he sees unsolicited advice on how to make millions in the stock market. Mr. Hoffman's behavior is most indicative of:

A)an obsessive compulsive disorder.
B)a dysthymic disorder.
C)an antisocial personality disorder.
D)a manic episode.
E)a panic attack.

back 26

D)a manic episode.

front 27

Amanda's therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for her recent job loss. Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates a:

A)DSM-IV diagnosis.
B)psychoanalytic perspective.
C)medical model.
D)social-cognitive perspective.

back 27

D)social-cognitive perspective.

front 28

Which of the following disorders is associated with a high level of hypnotizability?

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)schizophrenia
C)dysthymic disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder
E)dissociative identity disorder

back 28

E)dissociative identity disorder

front 29

Which perspective suggests that dissociative identity disorders are created as defenses against the anxiety caused by one's own unacceptable impulses?

A)psychoanalytic
B)social-cognitive
C)humanistic
D)bio-social-psychological

back 29

A)psychoanalytic

front 30

Mrs. Higgins believes that aliens from another planet have removed her stomach and are watching her to see how long it takes her to grow another one. Mrs. Higgins is most likely suffering from:

A)agoraphobia.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)schizophrenia.
D)a panic disorder.
E)a dissociative identity disorder.

back 30

C)schizophrenia.

front 31

Michael complains that threatening voices are constantly telling him that he is so evil that he should drown himself. Michael is experiencing:

A)a panic attack.
B)catatonia.
C)flat affect.
D)hallucinations.
E)a dissociative disorder.

back 31

D)hallucinations.

front 32

Drugs that block ________ receptors are most likely to reduce the _______ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A)serotonin; positive
B)serotonin; negative
C)dopamine; positive
D)dopamine; negative

back 32

C)dopamine; positive

front 33

Low levels of anxiety are most characteristic of:

A)antisocial personality disorder.
B)dissociative identity disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)paranoid schizophrenia.
E)agoraphobia.

back 33

A)antisocial personality disorder.

front 34

A rape victim may experience a panic attack when she sees anyone wearing a ski mask like the one worn by her attacker. This reaction is best explained from a ________ perspective.

A)trait
B)psychoanalytic
C)learning
D)biological
E)humanistic

back 34

C)learning

front 35

Hallucinations and delusions are most likely to be experienced by those who suffer from:

A)dissociative identity disorder.
B)schizophrenia.
C)major depressive disorder.
D)agoraphobia.
E)borderline personality disorder.

back 35

B)schizophrenia.

front 36

Norby, an 18-year-old college freshman, has missed almost all his classes during the past month. He spends most of his time in his bedroom, frequently not even bothering to get dressed or eat meals. He thinks his whole life has been a failure and blames himself for being a social misfit. Norby is most likely suffering from:

A)major depressive disorder.
B)an antisocial personality disorder.
C)a dissociative disorder.
D)agoraphobia.
E)panic disorder.

back 36

A)major depressive disorder.

front 37

A lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who have a(n) ________ disorder.

A)dissociative
B)antisocial personality
C)dysthymic
D)panic
E)obsessive-compulsive

back 37

B)antisocial personality

front 38

The hallucinations experienced by those who suffer from schizophrenia are most likely to involve ________ things that are not there.

A)seeing
B)feeling
C)hearing
D)tasting
E)smelling

back 38

C)hearing

front 39

Manic episodes are most likely to be associated with a(n):

A)panic attack.
B)phobia.
C)bipolar disorder.
D)generalized anxiety disorder.
E)antisocial personality disorder.

back 39

C)bipolar disorder.

front 40

Evidence suggests that ________ contribute(s) to schizophrenia.

A)the internalization of anger
B)depressed serotonin levels
C)a pessimistic explanatory style
D)conscious role playing
E)prenatal viral infections

back 40

E)prenatal viral infections

front 41

North Americans born during the winter months are at a slightly increased risk for:

A)depression.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)generalized anxiety disorder.
D)schizophrenia.
E)antisocial personality disorder.

back 41

D)schizophrenia.

front 42

The medical model of psychologically disordered behavior is most likely to be criticized for neglecting the importance of:

A)anxiety and depression.
B)social circumstances.
C)personality disorders.
D)the DSM-IV.
E)genetic abnormalities.

back 42

B)social circumstances.

front 43

A shrinkage of cerebral tissue is most likely to be associated with:

A)dissociative disorders.
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C)post-traumatic stress disorder.
D)dysthymic disorder.
E)schizophrenia.

back 43

E)schizophrenia.

front 44

Compulsions are best described as:

A)persistent fears.
B)repetitive behaviors.
C)illusory sensations.
D)suicidal thoughts.
E)false beliefs.

back 44

B)repetitive behaviors.

front 45

Episodes of intense dread that last for several minutes and are accompanied by shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, or heart palpitations are most characteristic of a(n):

A)manic episode.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)dysthymic disorder.
E)dissociative disorder.

back 45

B)panic disorder.

front 46

Chronically lonely people are most likely to suffer from:

A)unconscious hostility.
B)delusions of persecution.
C)a negative explanatory style.
D)an antisocial personality disorder.

back 46

C)a negative explanatory style.

front 47

Suicide rates are ________ among the rich than the poor, and they are ________ among younger men than older men.

A)higher; higher
B)lower; lower
C)higher; lower
D)lower; higher

back 47

C)higher; lower

front 48

Manuel is extremely shy and is so easily embarrassed in front of other people that he often misses his college classes just to avoid social interactions. Manuel appears to suffer from a(n):

A)dissociative disorder.
B)dysthymic disorder.
C)antisocial personality disorder.
D)phobia.
E)generalized anxiety disorder.

back 48

D)phobia.

front 49

Two years after being brutally beaten and raped, Brianna still experiences anxiety and has trouble sleeping and vivid flashbacks of her assault. Brianna is most clearly showing signs of:

A)a dissociative disorder.
B)post-traumatic stress disorder.
C)dysthymic disorder.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E)bipolar disorder.

back 49

B)post-traumatic stress disorder.

front 50

Tobacco dependence has been classified as a behavioral disorder largely because it is:

A)statistically infrequent.
B)personally maladaptive.
C)socially unacceptable.
D)ethically unjustifiable.
E)biologically motivated.

back 50

B)personally maladaptive.

front 51

A therapist suggests that Mr. Broshi continues to bite his fingernails because this behavior often reduced his feelings of anxiety in the past. The therapist's suggestion most clearly reflects a ________ perspective.

A)biological
B)humanistic
C)psychoanalytic
D)learning
E)trait

back 51

D)learning

front 52

Failures are most likely to lead to depression if they are explained in terms that are:
A)internal, unstable, and specific.
B)external, unstable, and global.
C)internal, stable, and global.
D)external, stable, and specific.

back 52

C)internal, stable, and global.

front 53

People are more likely to recover from ________ schizophrenia than from ________ schizophrenia.

A)acute; reactive
B)process; chronic
C)chronic; acute
D)reactive; process

back 53

D)reactive; process