Human A/P I Lab (Lab 7) Flashcards

Straplike with two bellies; lateral to sternohyoid

Superior to medial border of mylohyoid muscle

Runs most medially along neck; straplike

Origin: Manubrium and clavicle

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action: Depress hyoid bone and larynx

Slender muscle parallels posterior border of digastric; below angle of jaw

Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: Body of hyoid bone

Action: Elevates and retracts tongue, elevate hyoid bone and the larynx

Just deep to digastric; forms floor of mouth

Origin: Mylohyoid line of mandible

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action: Elevates floor of mouth and hyoid bone

Consists of two bellies united by an intermediate tendon; forms a V-shape under chin

Origin: Inferior surface of mandible, Mastoid of temporal bone

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action: Depresses mandible or elevates larynx

Fan-shaped tongue muscle; forms the majority of the body of the tongue

Origin: Mandible

Insertion: Undersurface of tongue and hyoid bone

Action: Protraction: depresses and thrusts tongue forward

Arises from anterior and lateral surfaces of the styloid process

Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: Side and under surface of tongue

Action: Retraction: elevates tongue and draws it backward

Flat, wide muscle that lies in the lateral portion of the root of the tongue

Origin: Body of hyoid bone

Insertion: Side of tongue

Action: Depresses tongue and draws down its sides

Long muscle in the side of the neck that extends up from the thorax to the base of the skull behind the ear

Origin: Sternum, clavicle

Insertion: Both: Mastoid process of the Temporal bone

Action: Flexes head, rotates head toward opposite side; spasm of this muscle alone associated with torticollis

Deep to splenius, and medial to the longissimus cervicis and longissimus capitis

Broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck

Houses the spinal cord that messages from the brain to control all aspects of the body--allows movement in all directions.

Longest region of the spine, connects cervical between cervical and lumbar portions. Only spinal region attached to the rib cage.

Lower back, where the spine curves inward towards the abdomen.

Triangular shaped bone consisting of five segments fused together.

Tail-like bone at the end of spine

First cervical vertebra

Second vertebral vertebra

Protuberance of the Axis (C₂)

Bony projection off the posterior of each vertebrae.

Small bony projection off the right and left side of each vertebrae.

Vertebral arch creates a foramen (opening), found within a normal vertebrae.

Thick oval segment of bone forming the front of the vertebrae.

Flattened or arched part of the vertebral arch, forming the roof of the spinal canal.

Stub of bone that connects the lamina to the vertebral body.

Projects superiorly and inferiorly from the vertebral arch.

Articular surface of the inferior and superior process of vertebrae.

Broad and expanded, directed upward and forward. Articulates with the body of the fifth lumbar vertebrae in the midline.

Lower end of sacrum that articulates with the coccyx.

(Tailbone) Triangular arrangement of bone that makes up the very bottom portion of the spine below the sacrum.

Connective tissue in a peripheral nerve, separating individual nerve fibers.

Connective tissue sheath surrounding each bundle of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve.

Sheath of a peripheral nerve.

Tough outermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.

Forms the middle layer of the meninges.

Interval between the arachnoid membrane and pia mater.

Innermost layer of the meninges and is directly adherent to the surface of the brain and spinal cord itself.

Nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses.

Consits of axons from motor neurons whose cell bodies are found within the gray matter of the spinal cord.

Contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons that bring information from the periphery to the spinal cord.

Carries information that supplies muscles and sensation to the human back.

Supply parts of the trunk and limbs.

Brain and spinal cord tissue, consisting mainly of nerve fibers with myelin sheaths.

Bridge of white substance which connects the ventral columns over the dorsal end of the ventral median fissure.

The more open ventral tissue of white matter in spinal cord; divides spinal cord in half.

A shallow groove along the midline of the posterior part of the spinal cord.

Darker tissue of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve cell bodies and branching dendrites.

Narrow bands of gray substance spanning the midline posterior to the central canal.

Thin strip of gray matter that surrounds the central canal.

Cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord.

Formed from gray matter; Three types: dorsal, lateral, and ventral.

One of the three gray columns of the spinal cord.

Bundled, tapered end of the spinal cord nerves.

Base of the spinal column, near the first lumbar vertebra, is a collection of nerves.

Strand of fibrous tissue, about 20 cm in length, proceeding downward from the apex of the conus medullaris.