Microbiology: CHAPTER 5 MICRO Flashcards

Energy yielding series of reactions

Means "whole enzyme"

A nonprotein component of an active enzyme

A measure of the rate of activity of an enzyme

A protein portion of an enzyme, inactive without a cofactor

A group of enzymes that function as electron carriers in respiration and photosynthesis

A mechanism by which fatty acids are degraded

Fermentation test

Both the carbon source and energy source are usually the same organic compound

Photosynthetic, but uses some organic material rather than carbon dioxide as a carbon source

The photosynthetic purple non sulfur bacteria would be classified in this nutritional group

Photosynthetic bacteria that uses carbon dioxide as a carbon source

Changes the shape of the active site of an enzyme

Very similar in shape or chemistry to the normal enzyme substrate

Hexose monophosphate shunt

The final electron acceptor is oxygen

Produces important intermediates that act as precursors in the synthesis of nucleic acids and so on.

Bacteria use oxygen substitutes such as nitrates

Pyruvic acide accepts electrons and is turned into various end-products, such as lactic acid or ethanol

Glucose to pyruvic acide

Electrons are removed from an organic compound and are transferred by an electron transport chain to oxygen.

An electron is liberated from chlorophyll and passes down an electron transport chain.

A dehydrogenase conenzyme derived from nicotinic acid (niacin)

A dehydrogenase coenzyme derived from riboflavin

In chemiosmosis, protons can diffuse across a membrane only through special channels that contain this enzyme.

Pyruvic acid loses carbon dioxide to form an acetyl group

Glycolysis

A photosynthetic organism that does not produce oxygen.

Removal of electrons

Uses an inorganic source of energy such as ammonia or elemental sulfur

A chemoheterotroph that lives on dead organic matter is called a(n) __________

When an enzymes active site is occupied at all times by substrate or product molecules, it is called __________

Cyanide is an example of a general type of inhibitor called _________

Sulfa drugs are an example of a type of inhibitor called ___________

In ____________ phosphorylation, no oxygen or other inorganic final electron acceptor is required.

Cyanobacteria produce _______ gas, just as do higher plants.

The amount of ATP yield from aerobic respiration by a prokaryote is ________.

The amount of ATP yield from glycolysis is ______.

The removal of NH2 from an amino acid is called __________

The removal of -COOH from an amino acid is called __________.

The substance acted upon by an enzyme is called the ___________.

Coenzyme A is a derivative of the B vitamin __________ acid.

A sequence of enzymatically catalyzed chemical reactions in a cell is called a _________ pathway.

Glucose is usually broken down to pyruvic acid by _______.

In aerobic respiration, pyruvic acide is converted to acetyl __________; this product can then enter the Krebs cycle.

DNA and RNA are made up of repeating units called __________.