Chapter 17 - Histology of Nervous Tissues Flashcards

Nonexcitable cells of neural tissue that support, protect, and insulate the neurons.

A type of CNS supporting cell; assists in exchanges between blood capillaries and neurons.

A type of CNS supporting cell that composes myelin sheaths.

A type of CNS supporting cell; can transform into phagocytes in areas of neural damage or inflammation.

A type of CNS supporting cell; lines the central cavities of the brain and spinal cord.

A type of supporting cell in the PNS; forms myelin sheaths with schwann cells

A type of supporting cell in the PNS; forms myelin sheaths and is vital to peripheral nerve fiber regeneration.

Cell of the nervous system specialized to generate and transmit electrical signals (action potentials and graded potentials).

The biosynthetic center of a neuron; Contains the nucleus and is where dendrites extend from.
-Also called the perikaryon, or soma.

Clusters of neuron cell bodies; found mostly in CNS.

Collection of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS.

A collection of axons in the CNS having the same origin, termination, and function.

A bundle of axons in the PNS.

The cytoplasmic elements of a neuron.

Rough ER of the neuron that is involved in metabolic activites.

Branching neuron process that serves as a receptive, or input, region; transmits an electrical signal toward the cell body.

Neuron process that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body; efferent process; the conducting portion of a nerve cell.

Distal part of the cell body that is slightly enlarged.

A large transient depolarization event, including polarity reversal, that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber.

Fluid-filled space at a synapse.

Plasma Membrane (Peripheral part of Schwan cell)

Nerves that are have myelin.

Fatty insulating sheath that surrounds all but the smallest nerve fibers.

Gaps/indentation in the myelin sheath.

Neuron in which embryological fusion of the two processes leaves only one process extending from the cell body.

Neuron with axon and dendrite that extend from opposite sides of the cell body.

Neurons with three or more processes; most common neuron type in the CNS.

Neurons that carry implulses to or toward the CNS.

Neurons that carry impulses away from the CNS

Nerve cell located between motor and sensory neurons that shuttles signals through CNS pathways where integration occurs.

Nerves containing the processes of motor and sensory neurons; their impulses travel to and from the central nervous system.

Nerve that contains processes of sensory neurons and carries nerve impulses to the central nervous system.

Nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the central nervous system.

Connective sheath that surrounds individual nerve fibers; insulates from other nerve processes.

Connective tissues that binds a group of nerve fibers together. (Covers fascicles)

Binds together multiple fascicles to form a cord-like nerve.

Bundle of nerve fiber.

Brain and spinal cord.

Consists of nerves and ganglia that lie outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Gray area of the central nervous system; contains neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites.

White substance of the central nervous system; myelinated nerve fibers.

Mechanism that inhibits passage of materials from the blood into brain tissues; reflects relative impermeability of brain capillaries.

Plasmalike fluid that fills the cavities of the CNS and surrounds the CNS externally; protects the brain and spinal cord.

Dendrite

Axon Terminals

Cell Body

Nucleus

Myelin Sheath

Axon

Nodes of Ranvier

Neurolemma

Schwann Cell

Axon Hillox

Epineurium

Perineurium

Fascicle

Endoneurium

Axon

Blood vessels

Spinal Nerve