Atomic Number =
Number of protons
Mass number =
Number of protons and neutrons
Atomic Mass=
Mass number rounded up
To find neutrons....
subtract the protons from the Atomic number
2 functional groups that contain proteins
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Amino group (-NH2)
Functions of the Carboxyl group
- Chemically reactive
- Hydrophilic
- Acts as acids (donates H+)
Functions of the Amino group (-NH2)
- Chemically reactive
- Hydrophilic
- Act as a base (picks up proteins from solution)
________ id how strongly an atom attracts an electron.
Electronegativity
_______is when one oxygen and two hydrogen electrons spend more time near an oxygen atom b/c it's more electronegative.
Polar Covalent Bond
______ is when electronegativities are the same or similar. Results to no partial positives or negatives b/e e- shared equally.
Nonpolar Covalent Bonds
________ occurs when two or more atoms share valence electrons because the orbitals overlap.
Covalent Bond
_________occurs when the electronegative of atoms are so unequal the most electronegative atom strips electrons from the least electronegative atom.
Ionic Bond
_____ occurs between a partial positive Hydrogen atom and a positive partial atom or an atom that has a negative charge.
Hydrogen Bond
______ is the scientific study of life.
Biology
List the seven properties of life:
- Order
- Evolutionary Adaptation
- Regulation
- Reproduction
- Growth and Development
- Responses to environment
- Energy processing
_____ is a property of water where H2O molecules bind to other H2O molecules through hydrogen bonds.
Cohesion.
________ is a measure of how different it is to stretch and break the surface of a liquid
surface tension
What do cohesion bonds do to water as a whore (related to surface tension)?
Cohesion bonds make the water as a whole more structured, given water a high surface tension compared to other liquids.
______ the property of water in which H2O molecules bind to molecules other than H2O through Hydrogen bonds.
Adhesion
How does adhesion nd cohesion apply to plants and their transfer of water?
H2O binds to cell walls (xylem) of plants through a hydrogen bond.
H2O moving up a tree from roots to leaves, against gravity is an example of Cohesion. The evaporation from leaves cause the cohesion bonds to pull water up xylem.
What functional group is found in ATP?
Phosphate Group (PO4 -2)
The functions of a Phosphate group (Po4 -2)
- When group reacts with water energy can be released.
- When one phosphate is removed energy is released