Diseases, Disorders and Diagnostic Terms
Snellen Chart
Test of clearness or sharpness of vision
myopia
nearsightedness, parallel rays entering the eye are focused in front of the retina
hyperopia
farsightedness, or inability of the eyes to focus on nearby objects; rays of light entering the eye are brought to focus behind the retina
astigmatism
uneven focusing of the image, resulting from distortion of the curvature of the lens or cornea.
tonometry
measuring of intraocular pressure using a tonometer
assessment of visual fields
determines the physical space visible to an individual in a fixed position
slit lamp examination
examines the various layers of the eye with a bright light
mydiatric
agent that dilates the pupil
presbyopia
hyperopia and impairment of vision due to advancing in years or old age
accommodation reflex
ability of the eye to adjust to variations in distance
fluorescein angiography
procedure that uses a bright green fluorescent dye to examine movement of blood through blood vessels in the eye
amblyopia
reduced vision in one eye, not correctable by wearing glasses but by wearing an eye patch, also called strabismus
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
cataract
abnormal progressive condition of the lens, characterized by loss of transparency
achromatic vision
the inability to see any color at all
achromatopsia
profound inability to see color
daltonism
a weakness in perceiving colors distinctly
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva also called red eyes or pink eye
glaucoma
an abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye. Prolonged pressure can damage the retina and optic nerve
hordeolum
sty or stye, resulting from an infected sebaceous gland of an eyelash
macular degeneration
progressive deterioration of the retina associated with new vessel formation that can progress to blindness
nyctalopia
poor vision at night or in dim light
photophobia
excessive sensitivity of the eyes to light
ptosis
drooping of the upper eyelids
retinal detachment
separation of the retina from the choroid, usually resulting from a hole or tear in the retina
retinopathy
any disease of the retina