1) The structural formulas of amino acids are the same EXCEPT for the
A)hydrogen bonding
B)alpha carbon
C)carboxyl group
D)amino group
E)side (R) group
E)side (R) group
2) Glycine is the only naturally occurring amino acid that is
A)positively charged
B)negatively charged
C)achiral
D)in the L- form
E)neutral
C)achiral
3) Hemoglobin is an example of a protein with
A)a globular structure
B)a primary structure only
C)primarily an alpha helix structure
D)two protein chains held together
E)primarily a beta-pleated sheet structure
A)a globular structure
4) Within hemoglobin, the heme functions as
A) a reducing agent
B)a disulfide bridge
C)one of the four protein subunits
D)an oxygen carrier
E)an alpha subunit
D)an oxygen carrier
5)Name the following compound
A)4-hexanal
B)hexanoic acid
C)ethyl propyl ether
D)ethyl propanoate
E)ethyl butanoate
E)ethyl butanoate
6) Which carboxylic acid in the list below is an aromatic carboxylic acid?
A)citric acid
B)butyric acid
C)benzoic acid
D)acetic acid
E)benzene
C)benzoic acid
7)What is the common name for ethanoic acid?
A)citric acid
B)acetic acid
C)butyric acid
D)stearic acid
E)formic acid
B)acetic acid
8)What is the IUPAC name for this compound?
A)3-methylbutanoic acid
B)pentanoic acid
C)2-methyl-4-butanoic acid
D)y-methylbutanoic acid
E)y-methyl butyric acid
A)3-methylbutanoic acid
9)with the correct choice of acid, the product(s) of the acid hydrolysis of N-methylbenzamide could be
A)methanol and benzoic acid
B)benzoic acid and ethylamine
C)formic acid and aniline
D)benzoic acid and methylammonium chloride
E)formic acid, phenol, and ammonia
D)benzoic acid and methylammonium chloride
10)amides are derivatives of ____ and ____
A)amines; esters
B)alkanes;amines
C)amines;carboxylic acids
D)alcohols; carboxylic acids
E)carboxylic acids; alcohols
C)amines; carboxylic acids
11) The reaction of butanoicacids and dimethylamine gives
A)N-methylbutanamide
B)N-methylbutanamine
C)N-ethylbutanamide
D)N,N-dimethylbutanamide
E)N,N-methylbutanamine
D)N,N-dimethylbutanamide
12)One name for this compound is
A)N-ethylacetamide
B)ethylpropionamide
C)pentanamide
D)N-ethylpropanamide
E)N,N-diethylacetamide
D)N-ethylpropanamide
13)When acetic acid reacts with ammonia, NH3, the reaction called amidation yields
A)ammonium acetate
B)ethylammonium
C)amino acetate
D)acetamide
E)acetamine
D)acetamide
14) What is the name of this compound?
A)trimethylamine
B)ethyldimethylamine
C)ethylmethylamine
D)ethylmethylnitride
E)diethylamine
B)ethyldimethylamine
15) Denaturation of a protein
A)can only occur in a protein with quaternary structure
B)changes the primary structure of a protein
C)hydrolyzes peptide bonds
D)is always irreversible
E)disrupts the secondary, tertiary, or quarternary structure of a protein
E)disrupts the secondary, tertiary, or quarternary structure of a protein
16) What kinds of interactions are NOT part of tertiary protein structure?
A)peptide bonds
B)salt bridges
C)disulfide bonds
D)hydrophobic interactions
E)hydrophilic interactions
A)peptide bonds
17)The function of myoglobin is to
A)carry vitamins in the blood
B)provide strength in cartilage
C)carry oxygen in the blood
D)support the skeletal muscles
E)carry oxygen in the muscle
E)carry oxygen in the muscle
18) Which of the following is an example of a secondary protein structure?
A)fatty acid
B)amino acid
C)trigylceride
D)dipeptide
E)alpha Helix
E)alpha Helix
19) In the peptide Ala-Try-Gly-Phe, the N-terminal amino acid is
A)phenylalanine
B)tryptophan
C)glycine
D)alanine
E)aspartic acid
D)alanine
20) A ___ consists of a nitrogen-containing base and a sugar
A)pyrimidine
B)nucleoside
C)base pair
D)nucleotide
E)complementary base
B)nucleoside
21) The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are
A)hydrophobic bonds
B)ester bonds
C)peptide bonds
D)hydrogen bonds
E)ionic bonds
D)hydrogen bonds
22)When DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with
A)guanine-thymine
B)adenine-thymine
C)adenine-cytosine
D)guanine-cytosine
E)adenine-cytosine
D)guanine-cytosine
23) In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with
A)adenine
B)uracil
C)cytosine
D)guanine
E)thymine
B)uracil
24) Which of the following can NOT be found in a nucleotide of RNA?
A)ribose
B)purine
C)deoxyribose
D)pyrimidine
E)phosphate
D)pyrimidine
25)which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A)guanine
B)deoxyribose
C)uracil
D)cytosine
E)thymine
C)uracil
26) When DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with
A)cytosine
B)guanine
C)uracil
D)thymine
E)adenine
A)cytosine
27) Which bases "pair" in RNA? Explain or show why they pair.
Adenine pairs to Uracil (2 H-bonds) and Guanine pairs to Cytosine (3 H-bonds)
28) Which bases "pair" in DNA? Explain or show why they pair.
Adenine pairs to Thymine (2 H-bonds) and Guanine pairs to Cytosine (3 H-bonds)
29) Describe how myoglobin and hemoglobin are similar. How are they different.
Mb:
- 1 Peptide chain
- 153 amino acids
- 17,000 g/moles (molecular weight)
- 1 heme unit
- 'stores' O2 in muscles
Hb:
- 4 peptide chains
- 153 amino acids
- 17,000 per chain, 68,000 g/moles (molecular weight)
- 4 heme unit
- 'transports' O2 from lungs to muscles
30) Which base is found in DNA but NOT in RNA?
Thymine
31) Explain/define primary structure as it applies to a protein.
Primary structure sequence of amino acids in a peptide chain
32) Explain/define secondary structure as it applies to a protein.
Secondary structure-alpha helix interaction (H-bonds) between 'N' in amide and C=O of amide
33) Explain/define Tertiary structure as it applies to a protein.
Tertiary structure- folding of alpha helix protein onto itself
interaction of 'R' side chains of amino acids
- salt bridges (+AA and -AA)
- Non-polar groups interacting w/ each other
- polar groups (H-bonds)
- S-S bonds
34) Explain/define Quaternary structure as it applies to a protein.
Quaternary structure-interaction of 2 or more peptide chains to make 1 protein
35) Draw a tripeptide (using any amino acids that you want). Label the C terminus, the N terminus, and circle a peptide bond.
36) Draw a primary structure for either DNA or RNA. Your structure should include 3 Nucleotides.
phosphate
sugar-base
phosphate
sugar-base
phosphate
sugar-base
37) In the peptide Ser-Cys-Ala-Gly, the C-terminal end is
A) Glycerine
B) Serotonin
C) alanine
D) glycine
E) serine
D) glycine
38)Acids and bases denature a protein by disrupting
A) ionic bonds and hydrophobic interactions
B)ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds
C)peptide bonds and ionic bonds
D)hydrophobic interactions and peptide bonds
E)amide bonds and alkene bonds
B)Ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds
39) Hemoglobin has a total of ____ protein chains in its quaternary structure.
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
C) four
40) The heme in hemoglobin is a(n)
A)pleated sheet area in the hemoglobin molecule
B)helix area in the hemoglobin molecule
C)small molecule within a protein
D)protein chain
E)oxygen molecule within the hemoglobin molecule
C) small molecule within a protein
41) The alpha helix of the secondary structure of a protein is held together by ____ between two widely separated parts of a protein chain.
A)disulfide bridges
B)hydrophilic interactions
C)hydrophobic interactions
D)hydrogen bonds
E)salt bridges
D)hydrogen bonds
42) A peptide bond contains which kind of functional group?
A) amide
B) amine
C)ketone
D)alcohol
E)carboxylic acid
A)amide
43) Heavy metals denature proteins by
A) disrupting hydrophobic interactions
B) releasing amino acids
C) changing the pH of the protein solution
D) changing the temperature of the protein solution
E)disrupting disulfide bonds
E) disrupting disulfide bonds
44) In a typical amino acid zwitterion, the caroxylate end is
A) positively charged
B)soluble in a nonpolar solvent
C) attached to amine
D)negatively charged
E)neutral
D)negatively charged
45) Which group of Carbohydrates cannot be hydrolyzed to give smaller molecules?
A)monosaccharides
B)trisaccharides
C)oligosaccharides
D)polysaccharides
E)disaccharides
A)monosaccharides
46)A monosaccharide that consists of 5 carbon atoms, one of which is in a ketone groupe is classified as a(n)
A)aldopentose
B)aldotetrose
C)aldohexose
D)ketopentose
E)ketotetrose
D)ketopentose
47) A glycosidic bond between two monosaccharides can also be classified as a(n)
A)double bond
B)alcohol bond
C)ether bond
D)achiral bond
E)ester bond
C)ether bond
48) which of the following contains alpha-1,6-branches
A)amylose
B)maltose
C)sucrose
D)glycogen
E)cellulose
D)glycogen
49)under acid hydrolysis conditions, starch is converted to
A)galactose
B)glucose
C)xylose
D)fructose
E)maltose
B)glucose
50)amino acids that are not synthesized in the body and must be obtained from diet are called
A)nonpolar
B)polar
C)complete
D)essential
E)incomplete
E)incomplete
51) The following amino acid R group chain is
-CHCH3-CH3
A)hydrophilic
B)acidic
C)basic
D)polar
E)hydrophobic
E)hydrophobic
52) Amylose is a form of starch which has
A)carbon-carbon bonds joining glucose units
B)both alpha-1,4-and Beta-1,4-bonds between glucose units
C)only alpha-1,4-links bonds glucose units
D)hemiacetal links joining glucose units
E)only beta-1,4-bonds between glucose units
C)only alpha-1,4-links bonds glucose units
53)In the L-isomer of a Fischer projection of a monosaccharide, the -OH group furthest from the carbonyl is written
A)on the right of the bottom chiral carbon
B)on the left of the middle chiral carbon
C)on the left of the bottom chiral carbon
D)on the left of the top chiral carbon
E)on the right of the top chiral carbon
C)on the left of the bottom chiral carbon
54)The peptide bonds that combine amino acids in a protein are
A)sulfide bonds
B)amide bonds
C)ester bonds
D)ether bonds
E)glycosidic bonds
B)amide bonds
55) The bonds that are important in the secondary structure of a protein are
A)salt bridges
B)hydrogen bonds
C)disulfide bonds
D)hydrophobic interactions
E)peptide bonds
B)hydrogen bonds
56)What kinds of interactions are NOT part of tertiary protein structure?
A)hydrophilic interactions
B)disulfide bonds
C)salt bridges
D)peptide bonds
E)hydrophobic interactions
D)peptide bonds