Pharmacology: *Review For Final* Flashcards
College: First year, College: Second year, College: Third year, College: Fourth year
THE "FIVE PLUS FIVE RIGHTS" OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION IS? (TRADITIONAL)
1. THE RIGHT CLIENT
2. THE RIGHT DRUG
3. THE RIGHT DOSE
4. THE RIGHT TIME
5. THE RIGHT ROUTE
DRUG ADMINISTRATION: FIVE ADDITIONAL RIGHTS ARE ESSENTIAL TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE:
1. THE RIGHT ASSESSMENT
2. THE RIGHT DOCUMENTATION
3. THE CLIENTS RIGHT TO EDUCATION
4. THE RIGHT EVALUATION
5. THE CIENTS RIGHT TO REFUSE
NURSES 6 RIGHTS ARE?
1. THE RIGHT TO A COMPLETE AND CLEAR ORDER
2. THE RIGHT TO HAVE THE CORRECT DRUG, ROUTE (FORM), AND DOSE DISPENSED.
3. THE RIGHT TO ACCESS TO INFORMATION
4. THE RIGHT TO POLICIES TO GUIDE SAFE MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION
5. THE RIGHT TO ADMINISTER MEDICATIONS SAFELY AND TO IDENTIFY SYSTEM PROBLEMS
6. THE RIGHT TO STOP, THINK, AND BE VIGILANT WHEN ADMINISTRATING MEDICATIONS.
THE MAJORITY OF MEDICATION ERRORS OCCUR WHEN?
ADMINISTRATION
CHILDREN AND GERIATRICS HAVE A HIGHER CHANGE OF TOXICITY, WHY?
CHILDREN HAVE UNDER DEVELOPED LIVER/KIDNEYS, AND GERIATRICS HAVE DECLINING LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTION.
THE NURSE WILL MONITOR WHAT, FOR GERIATRIC PATIENTS BECAUSE OF DECREASED LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTION?
THE NURSE WOULD MONITOR (BUN, CREATINE) LEVELS
WHEN GIVING CHILDREN MEDICATION THE MOST IMPORTANT INFORMATION TO HAVE IS?
THE MOST IMPORTANT INFORMATION TO HAVE IS AGE & WEIGHT. NOT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.
KERATOLYTIC IS WHAT?
"HORNY DERMIS" - MEDICATION FOR DERMIS; HELPS DECREASE SKIN SLUFFING FOR PATIENT WITH PSORIASIS. *MONITOR LESIONS TO SEE IF THE MEDICATION IS HELPING* (ON TEST THEY WILL ACCEPT EPIDERMIS, OR DERMIS)
CHILDREN BENEFIT THE BEST IF THEY TAKE?
MEDICATIONS THAT ARE NOT COMBINATION DRUGS; COMBINATION DRUGS ARE NOT THE BEST CHOICE FOR PEDIATRIC PATIENTS.
A SCHOOL NURSE IS GIVING A PRESENTATION ON COMBINATION DRUGS FOR THE EARS, THE PRIMARY DISADVANTAGE IS?
SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN MAY NEED ONLY ONE DRUG, NOT A COMBINATION DRUG.
**MOA FOR SOMATRIM?
STIMULATES GROWTH;
BENEFIT: GROWTH;
IS A GROWTH HORMONE; USED MAINLY FOR KIDS;
*MONITOR GROWTH, WEIGHT & DEVELOPMENT.
WHEN MONITORING A PATIENT ON SYNTHROID MONITOR SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS, THE WORST ONE OF SLEEPINESS, DORWSINESS, WEIGHT GAIN OR TACHYCARDIA IS?
TACHYCARDIA (ALWAYS LOOK AT CARDIAC FIRST)
TYPE ONE DIABETES:
INSULIN DEPENDANT (MALFUNCTIONING PANCREASE) ALWAYS GET IT WHEN YOUR YOUNG
TYPE TWO DIABETES:
(NEVER SEEN IN CHILDREN YOU ONLY GET IT LATER IN LIFE), NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT/ INSULIN RESISTANT, DIRECT HEREDITARY CAUSES.
WITH ANTI-DIABETIC MEDS YOU ALWAYS MONITOR WHAT?
SUGAR/BLOOD GLUCOSE
IF YOUR PATIENT IS TO GET A DIABETIC MED BEFORE BREAKFAST, AND THE MEAL VARIES IN ARRIVAL, YOU WOULD?
YOU WOULD GIVE ULTRA-SHORT MEDICATION, AND THE TRAY NEEDS TO BE THERE.
(KNOW ULTRA SHORT ONE)
WITH AFRICAN AMERICAN PATIENTS YOU KNOW THAT?
YOU WOULD LOOK AT GRANDPARENTS, MATRIARCH AND PATRIARCH OF THE FAMILY TREE, TO FIND OUT THE PROBLEM, POSSIBLE CAUSES. LOOK AT THE OLDEST FOR DIRECTION.
AFRICAN AMERICANS ARE THE POPULATION MOST SUSCEPTIBLE FOR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE. YOU KNOW THAT THEY REQUIRE ALWAYS TWO DRUGS BECAUSE ONE IS NOT ENOUGH FOR THIS POPULATION TO CONTROL HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE THEY ARE?
ACE-INHIBITOR AND BETA BLOCKER
YOUR PATIENT HAS BEEN TAKING MEDS AS DIRECTION FOR BP, THEIR BLOOD PRESSURE IS STILL ABOVE 140/90. THE NURSE WILL DETERMINE TO DO WHAT?
CALL THE PHYSICIAN (PRESCRIBER) AND SAY THAT THE MEDS ARE NOT WORKING, NEW ONES MAY BE NEEDED.
THE THERAPEUTIC LEVELS OF DIGOXIN IS?
0.5 - 2.0
KNOW HYPOR, HYPER AND THERAPEUTIC LEVELS.
KNOW THE S&S OF TOXICITY: E.G. DIGOXIN
MONITOR DECREASED HEART RATE.
KNOW THE WORKLOAD OF THE HEART: LOW HEART RATE IS LESS THEN 60.
IF TOXIC, HEART RATE WILL BECOME TO LOW, AND WILL CAUSE DYSRHYTHMIAS.
IF A PATIENT IS TAKING DIGOXIN AND HYDROTHYAZIDE (HCTZ) THEN WHAT WILL OCCUR?
ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE WILL OCCUR. LOW POTASSIUM - (HYPOKALEMIA)
*LASIX IS WHAT KIND OF DIURETIC
*
*4 TYPES OF BETA BLOCKERS TO MANAGE BLOOD PRESSURE. REGULAR ONES.
1.
2.
3.
4.
ANTIDOTE FOR HEPARIN IS?
Protamine sulfate (1 mg per 100 units of heparin that had been given over the past four hours) has been given to counteract the anticoagulant effect of heparin
*ANTIDOTE FOR COUMADIN IS?
Vitamin K is used as an antidote to coumadin
t1/2 FOR LOW-MOLECULAR HERARIN (LOVENOX)
LONG HALF LIFE: 4.5H
DEFINE HALF-LIFE?
OF A DRUG IS THE TIME IT TAKES FOR ONE HALF OF THE DRUG CONCENTRATION TO BE ELIMINATED.
A LOW MOLECULAR HEPARIN (LOVENOX) IS GIVEN?
SUBQ - ABDOMINAL ONLY (ALL OW-MOL. HEPARINS: FRAGMIN, LOVENOX, AND INNOHEP ARE GIVEN SUBQ)
KNOW THE SEVERE ADVERSE REACTION TO CRESTOR?
SEVERE SKELETAL MUSCLE ONE
**MYLO**
RABDOMYLOSIS
HERBAL PRODUCTS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO DO WHAT?
MAKE MEDICAL CLAIMS, CAN NOT SAY "PREVENT", NOT PROVEN BY FDA, AND CAN ONLY USE WORDS LIKE, "POSSIBLE, MAY HELP"
THE PATIENT TELLS THE NURSE THAT THEY ARE GOING TO TO TAKE HERBAL PREPARATIONS THE NURSE WOULD TELL THEM?
TO CALL OR ASK YOUR PHYSICIAN.
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS LIKE TO PLAY WITH?
VITAMIN D
CONSTIPATION IS CONTRIBUTED BY?
LACK OF EXERCISE
MOA FOR BYSACODYL (DULCOLAX) IS?
INCREASES PERISTALSIS BY DIRECT EFFECT ON SMOOTH MUSCLE OF INTESTINE
WHEN A PATIENT IS ON ANTOCOLUNERGIC MEDICATION FOR NAUSEA OR MOTION SICKNESS THE MAIN SIDE EFFECT IS DRY MOUTH YOU CAN HELP BY?
GIVING THEM HARD CANDY
WHEN GIVING TOPICAL MEDICATION OR ANYTHING TO YOUR PATIENT YOU MUST ALWAYS?
WEAR GLOVES
CAUSATIVE AGENT TO PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE IS?
H. PALORIA
MOA OF CARAFATE (SUCRALFATE)IS?
IN COMBINATION WITH GASTRIC ACID, FORMS A PROTECTIVE COVERING IN THE ULCER SURFACE
ROUTE MOST RAPIDLY ABSORBED IN THE GI TRACT:
SOLUTION (LIQUID)
DEFINE PHARMACOGENETICS:
THE SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE STUDYING HOW THE EFFECT OF A DRUG ACTION VARIES FROM A PREDICTED DRUG RESPONSE BECAUSE OF GENETIC FACTORS OR HEREDITARY INFLUENCE.
*SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS TO PEPCID?
...
THE BUCCAL ROUTE IS?
THE CHEEK
THE SUBLINGUAL ROUTE IS?
THE MOUTH, TONGUE
THE 4 PHASES IN ORDER OF PHARMACOKENETICS:
1. ABSORPTION
2. DISTRIBUTION
3. METABOLISM
3. EXCRETION, ELIMINATION
IF YOU NEED TO GIVE A CHILD MEDICATIONS, WHICH IS ABETTER A SYRINGE OR A MEASURING CUP?
SYRINGE
DEFINE FIRST PASS EFFECT?
HEPATIC FIRST PASS; THE PROCESS IN WHICH THE DRUG PASSES THE LIVER FIRST.
FOR A CHILD THE TYPE OF CARE THE NURSE WOULD GIVE WHEN IT COMES TO MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION IS?
ATRAMATIC
WHEN YOU HAVE 4 DIFFERENT PATIENTS WHO ARE YOU MOST CONCERNED ABOUT?
THE ONE THAT CAN NOT SWALLOW, BECAUSE THEY CAN CHOKE ON THEIR MEDS.
*DEFINE JUSTICE:
...
*DEFINE BIAS:
...
*DEFINE ATONOMY:
...
*DEFINE BENEFICENCE:
...
IF A PATIENT HAS A VIRAL INFECTION YOU HAVE HOW MANY HOURS BEFORE MEDICATION WOULD BE INEFFECTIVE?
48 HOURS
A URINARY STIMULANT IS ORDERED YOU KNOW IT WILL?
CAUSE THE PATIENT TO HAVE MORE URINATION SENSATIONS. PEE MORE
WHAT IS MORE EXPENSIVE THE DRUG TRADE NAME OR GENERIC NAME?
DRUG TRADE NAME
*GCP GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE:
...
IF A PATIENT HAS ASMTHA YOU WOULD GET WHAT TYPE OF MEDS?
BRONCIODIALATOR
ASPIRIN THINS THE BLOOD SO YOUR PATIENT WOUL DBE AT RISK OF WHAT?
BLEEDING
A PATIENTS WITH ARTHRITIS IS TAKING A NSAID THERE BENEFIT WOULD BE?
DECREASED INFLAMMATION AND DECREASED PAIN
COMMON SIDE EFFECT WITH NSAIDs IS STOMACH ACHE, YOU WOULD SUGGEST TO THE PATIENT WITH A STOMACH ACHE TO?
TAKE/DRINK WITH MILK, OR TAKE WITH FOOD
*NS - NORMAL SALINE IS WHAT TYPE OF IV SOLUTION
...
*LACTATED RINGERS IS WHAT TYPE OF IV SOLUTION
...
*PLASMA IS WHAT TYPE OF IV SOLUTION
...
A PREGNANT LADY TELLS YOU SHE IS TAKING DILANTIN, YOU WOULD SAY?
CONTACT YOUR PRESCRIBER IT HAS BEEN KNOWN TO CAUSE HARM TO THE FETUS.
(CAN NOT HOLD DOSE UNLESS YOU ARE IN A HOSPITAL SETTING)
WHAT IS EXPECTED WITH DILANTIN?
REDDISH COLOR URINE
EPILEPSY IS A ________________ DISORDER?
CHRONIC
WHEN GIVING EYE DROP MEDS, YOU KNOW TO?
WAIT 5 MINUTES IN BETWEEN EACH MED.