Tidal volume is -
air moved in and out with each normal breath
What organ does NOT produce enzymes for starch (carbohydrate) digestion?
stomach
Pepsin is an enzyme that digests proteins at acidic pH. Therefore it must act in the -
stomach
In terms of heart disease risk, what is true?
As LDL cholesterol levels increase there is an increased risk
The main function of glucose is to supply _____ for the body.
energy
The major component of plasma is -
water
In 2011, the USDA created ______ to replace the food pyramid.
MyPlate
Which eating disorder is characterized by bingeing and purging?
bulimia nervosa
The _____ are air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
alveoli
What is missing in infant respiratory distress syndrome?
surfactant
The pharynx is a passageway for food, drink and air.
true
The basic building blocks of protein are -
amino acids
Which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder?
ureters
Glucose -
is filtered and reabsorbed totally
If a fat contains mostly saturated fatty acids, it is likely to be ______ at room temperature.
solid
Interstitial fluid is made from blood plasma and returns to blood plasma.
true
Which organs oft the urinary system is the storage area for urine?
bladder
Vital capacity is -
maximum volume of air moved in and out during a single deep breath
What is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?
- Bowman's capsule
- proximal convoluted tubule
- loop of Henle
- distal convoluted tubule
What structure keeps food from entering the larynx during swallowing?
epiglottis
Minerals are organic molecules.
false
What is the order of components of the digestive tract?
- mouth
- pharynx
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- large intestine
- rectum
- anus
What feature is used by both the respiratory and digestive system?
pharynx
Urochrome comes from the metabolism of _______ in the liver.
hemoglobin
Heartburn is due to -
contents of the stomach escaping into the esophagus
Which part of the urinary system is shared with the reproductive system in males?
urethra
Excess amounts of most water-soluble vitamins are -
readily excreted
3 processes involved in the formation of urine in order
- glomerular filtration
- tubular reabsorption
- tubular secretion
A urinalysis showing the presence of protein and blood cells is normal.
false
What type of intravenous fluid would be given to reduce edema?
hypertonic
Accumulation of excess fluid in loose connective tissue is called -
edema
What is the purpose of surfactant that lines each alveolus?
both keeps the alveoli from collapsing and reduces the surface tension in water
The process that pushed food through the esophagus is called -
peristalsis
Hypertension and edema are often treated with diuretics.
true
ADH causes more water to be reabsorbed into the blood to give a lower urine volume.
True
The 9 amino acids that the body cannot make are known as nonessential amino acids.
false
A 10% dextrose solution is isotonic to plasma.
false
Residual volume is -
air remaining in the alveoli after very deep exhalation.
The gallbladder produces bile.
false
If carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the pH will ____, causing ______.
decrease
acidosis
Which respiratory structure is used to produce sound?
laynx
Cells placed in hypotonic solutions will -
increase in volume
The pancreas secretes enzymes acting on -
proteins
fats
carbohydrates
During respiration, what is the additional amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs during an extra exhalation called? This volume is usually around 1,400 ml.
expiratory reserve volume
An increase in the extracellular concentration of salts will cause body cells to -
lose water and shrink
Hyperventilation could lead to -
alkalosis
Metabolic rate is a measurement of the -
energy used in a give period of time
Osmoreceptors are involved in the regulation of blood volume.
true
The diaphragm contracts during ________ and relaxes during ______.
inspiration
expiration
What is the first portion of the small intestine?
duodenum