Computer:
A computer is a machine that changes information from one form into another by performing four basic actions. Those actions are input, output, and storage.
Input:
Raw information, or data, that is entered into a computer.
Bit:
A number that is a building block for computer languages.
Byte:
A group of bits combined into groups of eight or more.
Processing:
A task a computer carries out with data.
Output:
The result of a computer’s processing, displayed on-screen, printed on paper, or heard through a speaker.
Storage:
Devices, such as hard drives and CD-ROM drives, that permanently hold data and program instructions a computer to use.
Hardware:
The physical parts of a computer.
Central Processing Unit (CPU):
A piece of the computer’s hardware that processes and compares data and completes arithmetic and logical operations.
Random Access Memory (RAM):
Special chips that store data and instructions while the computer is working.
Peripheral:
Separate input, output, and storage hardware.
Software:
Programs that tell a computer what to do and how to do it.
System Software:
Programs that help the computer work properly.
Application Software:
A program that allows you to create documents, listen to music, or play games on the computer.
Operating System:
A system that allows hardware devices to communicate with one another, run efficiently, and support software programs.
Compatibility:
The ability to share files between two different application programs or operating systems.
Utility Software:
Programs that are used to maintain and repair the computer.