Final Vocab
9th grade
apartheid
Separation of the ethnic groups in South Africa by Afrikaners
imperialism
The drive toward the creation and expansion of a colonial empire and its perpetuation
Berlin Conference
Giant meeting that was to separate and divide Africa between the European nations
Arab
Someone who speaks Arabic or came from the Arabian Peninsula
NASWA
(North Asia and South West Asia)
Shi'ite
Said only descendants of Ali could be caliph’ they broke away
Sunni
Any devout Muslim could be the new ruler
Ziggurat
Huge, many-tiered temple
Scribe
People who keep the temple records
Cuneiform
“wedge” or clay tablet
Diaspora
Spreading of Jews- Europe
Torah
Hebrew sacred book; law of God revealed by Moses
Messiah
Savior anointed by God
Parable
A story used to illustrate a moral (passed down)
Martyr
Died for his faith/ beliefs
Pope
Highest religious leader; Bishop of Rome
Hejira
“migration” the start date of the Muslim era
Hajj
A pilgrimage to Mecca in each Muslims lifetime
Five Pillars
(1) Repeated expressing of the basic creed (2) Daily Prayer (3) A month each year of daytime fasting (4) The giving of alms (5) At least one pilgrimage to Mecca in each Muslims lifetime
Koran
Sacred book of Islam
Suq
(market place) heart of the city
Men of the Pen
Suleiman I’s workers (lawyers and doctors)
Men of the sword
Suleiman I’s advisors (Military)
Fourteen Points
self-determined peace plan made by Woodrow Wilson
Mandate
Official order or commission to do something
Caliph
geographic area you rule over
Caliphate
An Islamic state led by a Caliph
Zionism
Movement for established the state of Israel
Cold War
A political hostility between country’s (Between Russia and the U.S.)
Terrorism
Politically motivated violence
State-sponsored terrorism
Practiced by a government against its own people
Anti-Semitism
the hatred of Jews
Balfour Declaration
established a “nation home” for Jew
Camp David Accords
Israel recognized Egypt as a state, Israel got the Sinai Peninsula; Scarcely addressed other aspects of the Arab-Israeli conflicts
Oslo Peace Agreement
For peace; Fell through because of terrorists
Palestinian Liberation Organisation
Government body over the West Bank
Palestinian Authority
Government of Palestine used to be the PLO
Hamas
In charge of Gaza (terrorists)
Fatah
Abbas’s political party
Intifada
“Shaking off”; hope for peace; halt on attacks on Israel
Jihad
Internal- Struggle to be a good person
External- Religious holy war
Shah
Ruler of Iran
Arab Spring
Protests for an end to authoritarian rule
Muslim Brotherhood
Organization that peruses Muslim interests