Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology differs from Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology in that the former
groups bacteria according to phylogenetic relationships
Bacillus and Lactobacillus are not in the same order. This indicates that which one of the following is not sufficient to assign an organism to taxon?
morphological characteristics
Which of the following is used to classify organisms into the Kingdom Fungi?
absorptive ;possess cell wall;eukaryotic
Which Of the following is not true about scientific nomenclature?
names very with geographical location
You could identify an unknown bacterium by all of the following except..
percentage of guanine + cystosine
The wall-less mycoplasmas are considered to be related to gram positive bacteria.Which of the following would provide the most compelling evidence for this?
they share common rRNA sequences
Into which group would you place a multicellular organisms that has a mouth and lives inside the human liver?
Animalia
Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane?
Proteobacteria (gram-negative bacteria)
Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.
1. 9+2 4.nuclues
2.70S ribosome
3.fimbria
4.nuclues
5.peptidoglycan
6.Plasma membrane
Which is (are) found in all three domain?
a.2,6
b.5
c.2,4,6
d.1,3,5
e.all six
(2)70S ribosomes & (6)plasma membrane
Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.
1. 9+2 4.nuclues
2.70S ribosome
3.fimbria
4.nuclues
5.peptidoglycan
6.Plasma membrane
Which is (are) found only on prokaryotes?
A.1,4,6
B.3,5
C.1,2
D.4
E.2,4,5
(3)fimbria & (5)peptidoglycan
If you Gram-Stained the bacteria that live in the human intestine, you would expect to find mostly
gram-negative rods
Which of the following does not belong with the others?
a.Enterobacteriales
b.Lactobacillales
c.Legionellales
d.anaerobic
e.Vibrionales
Lactobacillales
Pathogenic bacteria can be.
a.motile
b.rods
c.cocci
d.anaerobic
e.all of the above
motile,rods,cocci, and anaerobic
Which of the following is an intracellular parasite?
Rickettsia
which of the following terms is the most specific?
Bacillus
Which one of the following does not belong with the others?
Staphylococcus
Which of the following pair is mis-matched?
a.anaerobic endospore-forming gram-positive rods-CLOSTRIDIUM
b.facultatively anaerobic gram -negative rods- ESCHERICHIA
c.facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods- SHIGELLA
d.pleomorphic gram positive rods- CORYNEBACTERIUM
e. spirochete-Helicobacter
Spirochete-Helicobacter
Sprillum is not classified as a spirochete because spirochete..
possess axial filaments
When LEGIONELLA was newly discovered, it was classified with the pseudo monads because...
it is an aerobic gram negative rod
Cyanobacteria differ from purple and green purple phototrophic bacteria because cyanobacteria...
produce oxygen during photosynthesis
How many phyla are represented in the following list of organism:Echinococcus,Cyclospora,Aspergillus,Taenia,Toxoplasma,Trichinella?
Taenia
2.Put the above stages in order of development, beginning with the egg.
Use the following choices to answer questions 2 and 3:
1)Metacercaria
2)redia
3)adult
4)miracidium
5)cercaria
(4)miracidium(2)redia(5)cercaria(1)Metacercaria(3)adult
If a snail is the first intermediate host of a parasite with these stages,which would be found in the snail?
1)Metacercaria
2)redia
3)adult
4)miracidium
5)cercaria
(2)redia
Which of the following statements about yeast are true?
1) Yeasts are fungi
2)Yeasts can form pseudohphae
3)Yeasts reproduce asexually by budding.
4)Yeasts are facultatively anaerobic
5)All yeasts are pathogenic
6)All yeasts are dimorphic
a.1,2,3,4
b.3,4,5,6
c.2,3,4,5
d.1,3,5,6
e.2,3,4
(1)Yeast is fungi(2)Yeasts can form pseudohphae,(3)Yeasts reproduce asexually by budding,(4)Yeasts are facultatively anaerobic
Which of the following events follows cell fusion in an ascomycete?
ascospore formation
The definitive host for Plasmodium vivax is?
Anopheles
Fleas are the intermediate host for Dipylidium caninum tapeworm, and dogs are the definitive host. Which stage of the parasite could be found in the flea?
cysticerus larva
Use the following choices to answer 8-10
A.Apicomplexa B.Ciliophora C.Dinoflagellates D.Microspora
8) These are obligate intracellular parasites that lack mitochondria.
Microspora
9) These are nonmotile parasites with special organelles for penetrating host tissue.
Apicomplexa
10) These photosynthetic organisms can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning.
Dinoflagellates
Place the following in the most likely order for biosynthesis of a bacteriophage: 1)phage lysozyme; (2) mRNA; (3)DNA; (4) Viral proteins; (5) DNA polymerase
(2) mRNA,(5)DNA polymerase,(3)DNA,(4)Viral proteins,(1)phage lysozyme
The molecule serving as mRNA can be incorporated in the newly synthesized virus capsids of all of the following except
- strand RNA rhabdoviruses
A virus with RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase?
synthesize double-stranded RNA from a DNA template
Which of the following would be the first step in the biosynthesis of a virus with reverse transcriptase?
A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from an RNA template
An example of lysogeny in animals could be ?..
Latent viral infections
The ability of a virus to infect an organism is regulated by..
All of the above the host species,type of cell,availability of an attachment site,cell factors necessary for viralreplication
Which of the following statements is not true?
a.viruses contain DNA or RNA
b.The nucleic acid of a virus is surrounded by a protein coat.
c.Viruses multiply inside living cells using viral mRNA , tRNA, and ribosomes.
d. Viruses cause the synthesis of specialized infectious elements.
e.Viruses multiply inside living cells.
Viruses multiply inside living cells using viral mRNA , tRNA, and ribosomes.
Place the following in the order in which they are found in a host cell: (1)capsid proteins; (2) infective phage particles; (3) phage nucleic acid.
(3) phage nucleic acid,(1)capsid proteins,(2) infective phage particles
Which of the following does not initiate DNA synthesis?
a single-stranded RNA virus (Tovgaviridae)
A viral species is not defined on the basis of the disease symptoms it causes. The best example of this is what?
Hepatitis
what are the 3classification domains?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
what is a prokaryotic species?
a population of cells with similar characteristics.
what is a culture?
grown in a laboratory media
what is a clone?
a population of cells derived from a single cell.
what is strain?
genetically different cells within a clone.
what are Eukaryotic species?
a group of closely related organisms that bread among themselves.
what are the 4 classifications of eukaryotes?
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista
what are viral species?
population of viruses with similar characteristics that occupies a particular ecology niche.
what is classification?
placing organisms in groups of related species, list of characteristics of known organisms
what is identification?
matching characteristics of an "unknown" organism to list of known organism.
what are the 3 methods of identification?
Morphological characteristics,Differential staining, Biochemical test.
what identification method is useful to identify Eukaryotes?
Morphological characteristics
what are he 2 methods of Differential staining?
Gram staining & acid-faststaining
that is the Biochemical test method?
Determines presence of bacteria enzymes.
what is an example of Serology?
coagulase
what is Nucleic acid hybridization ?
when Pairing between complementary bases occurs.
in complete hybridization the organism is ?
Identical
in partial hybridization the organism is?
Related
in no hybridization the orgamism is ?
unrelated
what is DNA chip technology
a DNA chip that can be manufactured to contain hundreds of thousands of synthetic single -stranded DNA sequences
in DNA chip technology the unknown DNA is ?
inserted into the chip and allowed to hybridize with the DNA on the chip
In DNA chip technology the redlight results will show?
a gene expressed in normal cells
In DNA chip technology the greenlight results will show?
is a mutated gene expressed on tumor cells
In DNA chip technology the yellowlight results will show?
in both ,a gene expressed in normal cells and s a mutated gene expressed on tumor cells
what are he 2 Alphaproteobaceria obligate intacellular parasites.?
Ehrlichia:tickbrn, Ehrlichiosis & Rickettsia:Arthropod,spotted fevers
what are the 2 Alphaproteobaceria that have prosthacae ?
Caulobacter:stalked bacteria & Hyphomicrobium:budding bacteria both are found in lakes
what is a Alphaproteobaceria that is plant pathogen?
Agrobacterium:insert plasmid into plant cells,inducing tumor.
what are 2 Alphaproteobaceria that are nitrgen fixing?
Azospirillum: grow in soil,using nutrients excreted by plants and fix nitrgen & Rhizobium: fixed nitrogen in the roots of plants.
All Betaproteobacteria is gram-______?
gram-negative
what are 2 Betaproteobacteria's?
Bordetella:chemoheteratrophic;rods,B.pertussis & Burkholderia:Burkholders Cepacia-common on CF patients.
what are 3 Gammaproteobacteria's?
Pseudomonadales, Legionellales (shriners conventions), Vibrionales
what is the organism found in Pseudomonas?
Sudimorphis Arigonosa
Pseudomonadales Gammaproteobacteria causes?
Pseudomonas
Legionellales Gammaproteobacteria causes?
Legionella (shriners conventions),Legionairres Dieases, and Serious respiratory infection.
Vibrionales Gammaproteobacteria causes?
Vibrio cholerae wich causes chlolera and severe diarea.
what are 2 epsilonproteobacteria's?
Helicobacter & H.Pylori :multiple flagella and causes Peptic ulcers and Stomach cancer.
Clostrdiales causes?
colstridium wich is Endospore-producing ad is obligate anaerobes.
colstridium causes?
cangreen and Bachilism
what is Planctomycetes?
Gemmata obscuriglobus
Chlamydias causes
chamydia trachomatis
chamydia trachomatis causes
Trachoma and STI,urethritis
what is yeast?
unicellular fungi
what are 2 types of yeast?
Fission yeasts & Budding yeasts
fission yeasts divides _______?
symmetrically
Budding yeasts divides_______?
asymmetrically
what are he three phases of sexual reproduction?
plasmgamy, karyogamy and meiosis
what is the plasmgamy phase ?
Haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (-)
what is the karyogamy phase ?
+ and - nuclei fuse.
what is the meiosis phase ?
Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)
what is an example of Ascomycota?
Sac fungi
what are Lichens?
Mutualistic combination of an alga(or cyanobacterium) and fungus.
what are the three types of Lichens?
Fruticose, Foliose, Crustose.
what is a type of Rhodophyta?
Red algae
An example of Chlorophyta is
Green algae
Diatoms have _______ and______ cell walls.
Pectin & Silica
Diatoms are ____cellular?
Uni
Diatoms contains Chlorophyll ______ and_____, _________, _________ and store______.
a & b, carotene, xanthophylls and store oil.
Fossilized diatoms formed_____ and produce _____acid.
oil and produce domoic.
Dinoflagellates causes?
Red tide
Dinoflagellates has _____ in plasma membrane and is ____cellular.
cellulos and uni
Dinoflagellates contains Chlorophyll _____and____, ________, _________.
a and c,carotene,xanthins.
Dinoflagellates stores _________and some are _________in marine animals
starch, symbionts
what is an example of Oomycota?
Water molds
Archaezoa has no_______ and has multiple_______.
mitocondria, flagella.
Archaezoa causes _______and _______.
Giardia lamblia
Euglenozoa move by______ and contain _______.
flagella,Hemoflagellates
Euglenozoa causes trypanosoma wisch causes
Sleeing sickness and Chagas disease
Dirofilaria immitis is what?
Heartworm
Heartworms cause?
Dirofilaria immitis