Orbicularis Oculi
closes eyes
Zygomaticus- Major and Minor
raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle)
Orbicularis Oris
closes lips
Mentalis
wrinkles chin
Buccinator
compresses cheek
Masseter
prime mover of jaw closure
Temporalis
closes jaw
Medial Pterygoid
in conjunction with lateral pterygoid, aids in grinding movements
Lateral Pterygoid
aids in grinding movements of teeth
Platysma
tenses skin of neck
Sternocleidomastoid
flexion of neck forward; rotate head toward shoulder on opposite side
Scalenes- anterior, middle, and posterior
elevate ribs 1-2
Pectoralis Major
Prime mover of arm flexion; adducts, medially rotates arm
Serratus Anterior
prime mover to protract and hold scapula against chest wall; rotates scapula
Deltoid
acting as a whole, prime mover of arm abduction
Pectoralis Minor
with ribs fixed draws scapula forward and inferiorly
Diaphragm
prime mover of inspiration flattens on contraction
Rectus Abdominis
flexes and rotates vertebral column
External Oblique
flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; trunk rotation and lateral flexion
Internal Oblique
flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; trunk rotation and lateral flexion
Transversus Abdominis
compresses abdominal contents
Trapezius
raises, rotates, and retracts (adducts) scapula and stabilizes it
Latissimus Dorsi
prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm
Infraspinatus
lateral rotation of humerus
Teres Minor
lateral rotation of humerus
Teres Major
Extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus
Supraspinatus
initiates abduction of humerus
Levator Scapulae
elevates and adducts scapula
Rhomboids- major and minor
stabilize scapula
Erector Spinae
extend and bend the vertebral column laterally; fibers of the longissimus also extend head
Quadratus Lumborum
each flexes vertebral column laterally
Triceps Brachii
powerful forearm extensor
Biceps Brachii
flexion (powerful) of elbow and supination of forearm
Brachioradialis
synergist in forearm flexion
Brachialis
a major flexor of forearm
Pronator Teres
pronate forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis
powerful flexor of wrist; abducts hand
Palmaris Longus
tenses skin and fascia of palm
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
powerful flexor of wrist; adducts hand
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
Flexor Pollicis Longus
flexes thumb
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
flexes distal phalanges
Pronator Quadratus
pronates forearm
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
extends and abducts wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
extends and abducts wrist
Extensor Digitorum
prime mover of finger extension
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
extends and adducts wrist
Extensor Pollicis Longus and Brevis
extend thumb
Abductor Pollicis Longus
abducts and extends thumb
Supinator
acts with biceps brachii to supinate forearm
Iliopsoas- Iliacus and Psoas Major
flex trunk on thigh; flex thigh; lateral flexion of vertebral column (psoas)
Sartorius
flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee
Adductors- Magnus, Longus, and Brevis
adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh
Pectineus
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
Gracilis
adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Rectus Femoris
extends knee and flexes thigh at hip
Vastus Lateralis
extends and stabilizes knee
Vastus Medialis
extends knee
Vastus Intermedius
extends knee
Tensor Fasciae Latae
steadies trunk
Gluteus Maximus
powerful thigh extensor
Gluteus Medius
abducts and medially rotates thigh
Gluteus Minimus
abducts and medially rotates thigh
Biceps Femoris
extends thigh; flexes knee
Semitendinosus
extends thigh; flexes knee
Semimembranosus
extends thigh; flexes knee
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
plantar flexes and everts foot
Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis
plantar flexes and everts foot
Tibialis Anterior
prime mover of dorsiflexion
Extensor Digitorum Longus
prime mover of toe extension
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius
dorsiflexes and everts foot
Extensor Hallucis Longus
extends great toe
Gastrocnemius
plantar flexes foot
Soleus
plantar flexion
Popliteus
flexes and rotates leg medially to "unlock" extended knee when knee flexion begins
Tibialis Posterior
prime mover of foot inversion
Flexor Digitorum Longus
flexes toes; plantar flexes and inverts foot
Flexor Hallucis Longus
flexes great toe; plantar flexes and inverts foot