Campbell Biology: Invertebrates Flashcards

Slugs are in which class?
polyplacaphora
bivalvia
cephalopoda
gastropoda
scaphopoda

What is true of the clade Ecdysozoa?
A) It includes all animals that molt at some time during their lives.
B) It includes all animals that undergo metamorphosis at some time during their lives.
C) It includes all animals that have body cavities known as pseudocoeloms.
D) It includes all animals with genetic similarities that are shared with no other animals.
E) It includes all animals in the former clade ʺProtostomiaʺ that truly do have protostome development.

The system of fungal filaments that penetrates and grows through the substrate is called a
exoskeleton
hyphal compartment
mushroom
mycelium
sporangium

The compound eyes of insects function nest in certain conditions because of the
pigment surrounding each omitidium
number of omiddum
size of eye
size of the corneal lens
location of the compound eye on the head

While sampling marine plankton in a lab, a student encounters large numbers of fertilized eggs. The student rears some of the eggs in the laboratory for further study and finds that the blastopore becomes the mouth. The embryo develops into a trochophore larva and eventually has a true coelom. These eggs probably belonged to a(n)
A) platyhelminthe worms.
B) ctenophore
C) annelid
D) nematode
E) arthropod.

The correct order of the life cycle for the hydrozoan Obleila is
planula larvae, colony of polyps, egg, zygote, medusa
egg, zygote, planula larvae, colony of polyps, medusea
egg, zygote, colony of polyps, planula larvae, medusa
egg, planula larvae, colony of polyps, meda, zyote
zygote, planula larvaw, colony of polyps, egg, medusa

In the leaf cutter ant--plant-- fungus tripartite relationship, the association b/w the ant and the fungus can best be described as
parasitism
commensalism
facultative symbiosis
obligate symbiosis
herbivory

Nearly all of the Trematoda have an intermediate host that is a
nematode
Platyhelminthes
gastropod
bivalve
don't have intermediate hosts

Which order of insects are termintes
othoptera
ledioptera
coleopteran
isoptera
diptera

Which of the following fungi usually form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in which the cell walls but not the cell membranes of the plant roots are penetrated by the fungal hyphae?
ascomycetes
chytrids
glomeromycetes
basdiomycete
microspooridia

Which of the following terms is mismatched with its meaning or characteristics?
Diploblastic-- ectoderm and mesoderm
Trploblastic-- ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
parazoa-- lacks symmetry; no tissue
eumetazoa-- definite symmetry; tissue organized
platyhelminthese-- bilater;acolemate

With the current molecular-based phylogeny in mind, rank the following from most inclusive to least
1.Ecdysosoan
2.Protostome
3.Eumetazoan
4.Triploblastic

In what structures do both Penicillium and Aspergillus produce asexul spores?
asci
zygosporangium
rhizoids
gametangia
conidiophores

At which developmental stage should one be able to first distinguish a protostome embryo from a deuterostome embryo?
fertilization
cleavage
gastrulation
coelom formation
metamorphosis

What distinguishes a coelomate animal from a pseudocoelomate animal is that coelomates
A) have a body cavity, whereas pseudocoelomates have a solid body.
B) contain tissues derived from mesoderm, whereas pseudocoelomates have no such tissue.
C) have a body cavity completely lined by mesodermal tissue, whereas pseudocoelomates do not.
D) have a complete digestive system with mouth and anus, whereas pseudocoelomates have a digestive tract with only one opening.
E) have a gut that lacks suspension within the body cavity, whereas pseudocoelomates have mesenteries that hold the digestive system in place.

In sponges, the non-cellular, protein-rich matrix found between the cellular-based choanoderm and pinacoderm is called
osculum
ostium
esoderm
mesohyl
mesoglea

Organize the hierarchy of organization within animals
cells, tissue, organ systems, organs, organisms

Which of the following Arthropod groups have two pairs of Antennae?
Hexapoda
Crusteacea
Myriopoda
Chelicerata
Xiphosura

Arrange the following in size from largest to smallest assuming that they all come from the same fungus
1 basidiocarp
2 basidium
3 basidiospore
4 mycelium
5 gill

Cephalization is associated with the transition from
single to mutli-cellularity
parazoa to eumatasoa
radial to bilateral symmetry
protostome to deuterostoma

You find a baseball-sized sponge on the beach after a storm. You cute a very thin slice and look at it under a microscope. You find mant interconnected canals with chamber about 1 mm in size lined with flagellated cells. The most likely body plan is
vase
ascon
syncon
leucon
oval

Which characteristic is shared by both cnidarians and flatworms?
A) dorsoventrally flattened bodies
B) true muscle
C) radial symmetry
D) a digestive system with a single opening
E) two of these

What distinguishes complete metamorphosis from incomplete metamorphosis in insects?
A) presence of wings in the adult, but not in earlier life stages
B) presence of sex organs in the adult, but not in earlier life stages
C) radically different appearance between adults and earlier life stages
D) three of these
E) two of these

The only diploid cell of the life cycle of basiomycetes is produced within the basidium by
mitosis
meiosis
karyogamy
ascus bursting
budding

Turbellarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because
-none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment
-they lack mesoderm as embryos and, therefore, lack the adult tissues derived from mesoderm
-their flame bulbs can carry out respiratory and circulatory functions
-their body cavity, a pseudocoloem, caries out these functions
-they have a specialized protein that acts at an internal transport

The specialized cells that cnidarians use to capture prey are called
choanocytes
collocytes
cnidocytes
all of these
none of thes

Stony coral and sea anemones are
scyphozoans
anthrozoans
cubozoans
hydrozoans
staromeduazoans

A brachiopod can be distinguished from a bibalce by the presence of
2 hinged shells
a digestive system with separate mouth and anus
a pedicel and lophophore
suspension feeding
a distinct head

What single trait is shared by Tubellarians Platyhelminthese?
pseudocoel
true coelom
parasitic lifestyle
ciliated epidermis
marine habitats

The class monogenea:

are ectoparasites of fish
have no intermediate hosts
have a sturucture called a haptor
all of the above
non of the above

Put the lifecycle of the liver fluke Chlonorchis sinesnsis in order
miracididia
rediae
sporocyst
cercaria
metaceracariae
adult

One major difference between ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mycorrhizae is
A. ectomycorrhizae are parasitic on plant roots while arbuscular mycorrhizae are not.
B. ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate plant roots; arbuscular mycorrhizae penetrate plant roots.
C. ectomycorrhizae are more common on plant roots than arbuscular mycorrhizae.
D. ectomycorrhizae form mutualisms while arbuscular mycorrhizae are parasitic.
E. most ectomycorrhizae are zygomycetes while most endomycorrhizae are basidiomycetes.

The Eumetazoa dispay all of the following except:
heterotrophy
sexual reproduction
cell walls
tissues
active movement

You find an unknown small worm and begin to dissect it. You find within the animals; body cavity that is lined by tissues that is mesodermal on one side and endodermal on the other side. This animal is:
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate
mesocolomate
not an animal

Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heteterotrophy is that only animals derive their nutrition by
preying on animals
ingesting it
consuming living, rather than dead, prey
using enzymes to digest their food

Fossil fungi date back to the origin and early evolution of plants. What combination of environmental and morphological change is similar in the evolution of both fungi and plants?
presence of "coal forests" and change in mode of nutrition
periods of drought and presence of filamentous bod shape
predominance in swamps and presence of cellulose in cells
colonization of the land and loss of flagellated cells
continental drift and mode of spore dispersal

Many nematodes, like the model organism caenorhabitis elegans, display eutely, which means
interal fertilization
external fertilization
extreme longevity
consistent number of cells
indeterminiate development

Platyhelminthes of the class cestoda attach to the intestinal wall of their host with a structure of hooks and suckers called the
nematocyct
proglottid
haptor
scolex
teument

Some species of Rotifera appear to not have male and give rise to offspring through parthenogenesis. What would be the genetic complement of each step?

Chelicera of Araneae have been modified to
grasp and hold prey
act as the functional equivalent of antennae
so much they lost them
inject poisons
spin silk webs

This is the defing characteristic of gastropod mollusks and separates them from all other mollusks
mantle
shell that is spiral
swimming trochophore larvae
torsion
the loss of both head region and gills

The organ that is responsible for secreting cocoons in the oligochaetes is known as the
nephridia
setae
radula
clitellum
lophophore

Plasmogamy can directly result in which or the following?
1 cells with a single haploid nucleus
2 heterokaryotic cells
3 dikaryotic cells
4 cells with two diploid nuclei

Nearly all the Annelids found in marine systems are in the class
oligochaera
hirudinea
hemichordate
polychaeta
nemerata

A marine biologist visits your biology class and begins his talk entitled, "Life as a Trochophore." A friend seated next to you asks, "What is a trochophore?" You explain that a trochophore is

A. another name for the veliger stage in earthworm production.
B. a term used to describe a larval form of either the phylum Mollusca or Annelida.
C. another name for the veliger stage in the oyster.
D. similar to a lophophore, but only found in the phylum Annelida.
E. a parasite in the intestines of a bivalve mollusk
Just another name for plantonic larvae

The three phyla, ectoprocta, branchiopoda, and phoronida, have which feature in common?
nephridia
lophophore
radula
setae
muscular fot

The medicinal leech, once used to withdraw "unhealthy" blood from patients, produces which of the following to ensure blood flow from the host?
A. antibiotics
B. antibodies
C. anticoagulant
D. blood clots
E. suture material

The heartworms that can accumulate within the heart of dogs and other mammals have pseudocolom, and an outer covering that is occasionally shed. To which phylum does this belong?
PLatyheminthes
athropoda
nematode
acoela
annelida

Among the invertebrate phyla, phylum arthropoda is unique in possessing members that have
a cuticle
ventral nerve cord
open circulation
wings
segmented bodies

Both fungus-farming ants and their fungi can synthesize the same structural polysaccharide from the beta-glucose. What is this polysaccharide?
A) amylopectin
B) chitin
C) cellulose
D) lignin
E) glycogen