Genetics HW Development and Cancer Flashcards

Which of the following DNA sequences is one strand of a restriction enzyme recognition sequence?
5’ GGGTTT 3’
5’ GGATCC 3’
5’ GGGGGG 3’
5’ AAACCC 3’

X-Gal is included in the growth medium on which cells transformed with bacterial plasmids are grown. The reason X-Gal is included is to _______.

eliminate bacteria that do not contain plasmid DNA
minimize the chances that a vector will re-circularize without incorporating a fragment of foreign DNA
identify bacteria that contain a recombinant plasmid
eliminate bacteria that do not contain recombinant plasmid

Within a six-base DNA recognition sequence, an enzyme that cuts between the 3rd and 4th bases from the 5’ end will generate blunt ends.

True
False

BamHI cuts the sequence 5′ G|GATCC 3′. Which of the following sequences would not be recognized by this enzyme?

5′ AGCGGATCC 3′
3′ TCTTAAG 5′
3′ CCTAGGATC 5′
5′ AGGATCCGTA 3′

A common term for a plasmid or other DNA element that serves as a cloning vehicle is vector.

True
False

Restriction endonucleases typically recognize palindromic DNA sequences and often generate "sticky ends" or single-stranded DNA overhangs at cut sites.

True
False

Restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific recognition sequences and then bond two strands covalently with the same "sticky ends."
Restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific recognition sequences and then bond two strands covalently with the same "sticky ends."

True
False

If there are five molecules of DNA containing the target region at the beginning of a PCR reaction, how many copies of the target will be present after three rounds of amplification?
If there are five molecules of DNA containing the target region at the beginning of a PCR reaction, how many copies of the target will be present after three rounds of amplification?

500
15
40
125

Immediately after the primers have annealed to the target sequence, _______.

the temperature is raised so that taq polymerase can extend the primers
the temperature is lowered so that taq polymerase can extend the primers
the annealing temperature is maintained until polymerase has finished extension of the new strands

The role of the primers in PCR is _______.

solely to define the target region
to denature the template DNA and define the target region
to define the target region and provide a 3' end that can be extended by taq polymerase
the annealing temperature is maintained until polymerase has finished extension of the new strands

Which of the following molecules is not required for a PCR reaction?

Ligase
Primer
DNA
DNTPs

The thermostability of Taq polymerase is required during the annealing phase of PCR.

True
False

What is the purpose of raising the temperature to 90–95°C at the beginning of each cycle of PCR?

To renature two single DNA strands
To extend the primer
To separate the double‑stranded DNA
To attach the primer

Which of the following statements about manual Sanger sequencing is true?

One sequencing reaction is performed.
Each of the four terminating ddNTPs is labeled with a different fluorescent dye.
The DNA sequence is read from the top of the gel to the bottom.
The DNA sequence obtained is complementary to the template strand.

What is the function of restriction endonucleases in bacteria?

They serve no function.
They allow bacteria to genetically recombine with other bacteria.
They provide a defense mechanism against infection by viruses.
They allow bacteria to engineer new DNA fragments.

Which of the following statements about ddNTPs is true?

They have a free 3′‑hydroxyl group on the sugar.
They have a hydrogen at the 3′ carbon of the sugar.
DNA polymerase can add a new dNTP to a 3′ ddNTP.
They have an oxygen at the 2′ carbon of the sugar.

DNA fragments that are 600 bp long will migrate more quickly through a sequencing gel than fragments that are 150 bp long.

True
False