John Stuart Mill believed that
one should seek general happiness
In terms of what did G.E. Moore define goodness
he claimed that it could not be defined
The attempt to understand the sources and criteria of moral value judgements is known as
metaethics
What is the name of the influential publication by John Rawls
A Theory of Justice
Which of the following is the political philosophy based on traditions and practices
conservatism
Which of the following is not a proponent of "intelligent design"
Richard Dawkins
What kind of an argument did Kant use to justify the rationally of belief in God
moral
Why does Robert Nozick believe that any state that goes beyond the minimal state is unjust
such a state will violate a persons natural entitled rights
Which of the following is a system that elects executive and legislative and have not state ownership of business but provide social safety net for the old and the sick
democratic socialism
Which of the following developed what she called "maternal thinking"
Sara Ruddick
According to mary Wollstonecraft, which of the following virtues should be cultivated in woman as well as men
wisdom
According to Leibniz, what is the sufficient reason for the changing of the seasons
God
St. Thomas Aquinas first 3 ways are all versions of which sort of argument
cosmological
Given his epistemological standards what characteristic must all of Descartes arguments for God posses
they must all be based on sensory experience
Who wrote "one is not born but rather become a woman"
Simone de Beauvoir
Her focus is the demonstrate that language doesnt exist outside the individual who is doing the writing
Helene Cixous
Which of the following is representative of the "first way" of feminist philosophy
Harriet Taylor
According to Confucius, this principle governs both the well-ordered family and the well-ordered state
principle of the mean
What must one do to discover ultimate reality and truth according the Hui Neng, 6th patriarch of Ch'an Buddhism
give up false attachments and selfish intersets
Which did Dogen advocate
parental mind
Why do post colonial societies generally value and education in philosophy
it promotes consciousness raising necessary to overcome colonialism and promote justice
The emergence of colonialism in the 15th century was associated with which nation
spain and portugal
What do all post colonial thinkers recommend that is needed to restore a good life to oppressed people
justice
Which element of Latin-American thought directly challenged the dominance of Roman Catholic metaphysics
marxism
Martin Luther king was strongly influenced by this writer
Mahatma Gandhi
From whence came the ideas of economics justice used in the remaking of post colonial india
from imported british values
Karl Marx viewed history as the struggle between 2 classes, what were they
a dominant class that owns and controls the means of production and a subordinate class that doesnt
What did Anselm believe about proving Gods existence
you could do it using just the concept of God as the greatest being conceivable
What tends to be true of words associated with women, their occupations and their bodies in a male-dominated society
they get devalued and take on demeaning degrading and insulting senses
What is not true of hinduism
it has no scriptures or holy writings
What is the central doctrine of the Upanishads
the identity of Brahman and Atman
What is the main cause of human suffering, according to siddhartha Guatama
ignorance and selfish craving
Which best describes what sarte means by good faith
taking responsibility for the choices we make
Which is true of Jurgen Habermas
he is a marxian
Which view maintains that mental states just are states of the brain and central nervous system
identity theory
Which of the following is an ontological issue
whether selves exist
The just or well ordered soul manifests which virtue, according to Plato
all of the above
Which desires did Epicureans say you should occasionally satisy
those that are natural but not necessary
Where does more evil come from, according to St. Augustine
misdirected love
What is evil, according to Socrates and Plato
ignorance of the good
What is the form of the ideal healthy state, according to Plato
it is an aristocracy ruled by an elite group of intellecutally superior individuals
What is not true of the natural law, for St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas
when there is a conflict between it and human law, human law takes precedence
What is true, moral freedom, according to the later Rousseau
obedience to the general will
What is a syllogism
kind of inference
Which ancient philosphical tradition did Plontius represent
Neoplatonism
What do Pyrrhonic skeptics maintain
people should suspend judgement on all issues
Which argument did St. Augustine use to refute total academic skepticism
when i am doubting, it follows automatically, i exist bc i am a doubter
How did St. Thomas Aquinas distinguish philosophy from theology
philosophy is based on reason while theology is based on divine revelation and faith
Which view did Aquinas accept
a physical thing are composed of matter plus form
What did Aquinas maintain concerning the human soul
it is a direct creation of God
Which claim did Descartes used to establish the certainity of his own existence
i think, therefore i am
Anne Conway advocated what sort of metaphysics
monadology
What did Benedict Spinoza think a person is
a substance with God and with nature
What is the self, according to Hume
a succesive perceptions
What is perception for Immuanel Kant
the application of the mind to sense impressions
What does Kant mean by the noumental world
the world as it really is, independently of our knowledge of it .
What is the highest reality for Hegel
infinite thought reflects on itself
Which philosophical tradition includes existentialism and phenomenology
contiental philosophy
How can we give life purpose in a purposeful world, according to Camus
revolt against the absurd
Who is a philosopher in the original sense of the world
a lover, and purser of wisdom, regardless of the subject matter
Which is a common characteristic of philosophical questions
they involve real life ethical dilemmas
In philosophy, what is an argument
giving a reason for accepting it
What are Thales, Anazimenes, and Anaximander collectively known as
the Milesans
What is the cause of change for Empedocles
love and stife
What did the atomists do
they held that all things are composed of physical atoms
How are the forms apprehended according to Plato
by reason, intellectually
Plato held forms apprehended, what were they
theory of knowledge
theory of love and being
theory of forms
The theory of forms by Plato are
unchanging, unmoving, and indivisible
3 of Platos more enlighting and well-known dialogs are
apology, republic and meno
For Plato the ultimate way of knowing and realizing truth was through
forms
Aristotles primary area of interest was
metaphysics
What is a thing, according to Aristotle
a combination of a hunk of matter with a certain form
What did Aristotle say about all change
it is a movement from potentially to acutality
What fallacy is it when an arugment is againt the person rather than the persons belief
Argumentum hominem
Which is the branch of philosophy that studies issues judegment about art
aesthics
Which of the following branches of philosophy does not involve questions related to values
metaphysics
What does the branch of philosophy called metaphysics study
being
What does the branch of philosophy called epistemology study
knowledge
What was the essence of reality for Heraclitus
change
Aristotles works include all of the following except
confessions
What was clarity and distinctness a mark of Rene Descrates
turth
Which claim about God did Anne Conway make
God is an eternal creator, existing outside the dimension of time
What do we directly observe according to David Hume
Sense impressions
What was the fundamental philosophical question for Albert Camus
is there any reason not to commit suicide
Critical theory is associated with which philosopher
Jurgen Habermas
Which view about truth is common to all pragmatics
truth is relative to place,time,and purpose
According to logical atomism, what does the world ultimately consist of
atomic facts
Which view maintains that mental words like "hope", "belief", or "desire" do not refer to thing at all, whether physical or nonphysical
behaviorism
Which view maintains that, although mental states require a physical system to exist they are not reducible to states of any particular physical system
functionalism
How is knowledge of good obtained, according to Plato
by reason
What are the principles of morality ultimately based on according to Immanual Kant
reason
In which of the following was the power of the Supreme court to declare law unconstitutional established
Marbury vs Madison
After his trail and convictino for "corrupting" the minds of young men and for not believing in cities Gods Socrates died by
drinking hemlock
How many souls did Aristotle believe humans have
3