Exercise 9 Study Set Flashcards
College: Second year
Compact Bone is?
Smooth and homogeneous.
Spongy (or cancellous) bone is?
Composed of small trabeculae (bars) of bone and lots of open space.
What are the 4 groups of bones?
Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular bones.
Short bones
Typically cube shaped, and they contain more spongy bone than compact bone.
Ex: tarsals and carpals
Long Bones
Are much longer than they are wide, generally consisting of a shaft with heads at either end. They are composed predominantly of compact bone.
Ex: femur and phalanges.
Flat Bones
Generally thin, with two waferlike layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them. Many flat bones are curved.
Ex: bones of the skull.
Irregular Bones
Bones that do not fall into one of the other categories.
Ex: vertebrae

Identify the diaphysis or shaft of a long bone.

Hyaline cartilage
Provides a sturdy support with some resilience or "give". Most skeletal cartilages are composed of this cartilage.
Elastic cartilage
Much more flexible than hyaline cartilage, and it tolerates repeated bending better. Only found in the external ear and the epiglottis.
Fibrocartilage
Consists of two rows of chondrocytes alternating with rows of thick collagen fibers. It has great tensile strength and can withstand heavy compression, is used to construct the intervertebral discs and the cartilages withing the knee joint.
Site of blood cell formation?
Red marrow cavity
Major submembranous site of osteoclasts?
Endosteum
Scientific term for bone shaft?
Diaphysis
Contains fat in adult bones?
Medullary cavity
Growth plate remnant?
Epiphyseal Plate
Major submembranous site of osteoblasts?
Endosteum
Contains spongy bone is adults?
Epiphysis
Serves as an attachment point for muscles and bones through tendons and ligaments?
Periosteum
Layers of bony matrix around a central canal?
Concentric Lamellae
Site of osteocytes?
Lacunae
Longitudinal canal carrying blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves?
Central canal
Minute canals connecting osteocytes of an osteon?
Canaliculi
Inorganic salts deposited in organic ground substance?
Matrix