acute bronchitis
infection and inflammation of bronchial airways
ARDS
acute, life threatening condition of lung injury that develops secondary
allergic rhinitis
inflammation of the nasal membranes, caused by allergies
asbestosis
respiratory disease cause by chronic or repetitive inhalation of asbestos fibers
asthma
disease marked by episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airways, resulting in wheezing, SOB, and cough
atelectasis
partial collapse of the alveoli and tiny airways of the lung
COPD
group of diseases in which alveolar sacs are destroyed and chronic, sever SOB results
CWP (coal worker's pneumoconiosis)
repiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of coal dust; often called black lung
coryza
acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa; the common cold
crackles
abnormal crackly lung sound
croup
acute viral disease, usually in children, marked by barking cough
cystic fibrosis
fatal genetic disease that causes frequent respiratory infections, increased airway secretion, and COPD in children
deviated septum
condition in which the nasal septum is displaced to the side, causing the two nares to be unequal
emphysema
abnormal increase in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole and destruction of the alveolar walls
empyema
collection of infected fluid between the two pleural membranes that line the lungs
epitaxis
episode of bleeding from the nose; commonly known as a nosebleed
hemoptysis
coughing up blood from the respiratory tract
hemothorax
blood or bloody fluid has collected within the intrapleural space, causing lung compression and respiratory distress
histoplasmosis
systemic respiratory disease caused by a fungus found in soil contaminated with bird droppings
hypercapnia
chronic retention of CO2, causing mental cloudiness and lethargy
influenza
common, contagious, acute viral respiratory illness
laryngitis
condition of inflammation of the larynx
legionellosis
bacterial lung infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila
nasal polyps
rounded tissue growths on the nasal or sinal mucosa
OSA obstuctive sleep apnea
dysfunctional breathing that occurs when the upper airway is intermittently blocked during sleep
orthopnea
labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and improves when sitting up
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called sore throat
pleural effusion
excess collection of fluid in the intrapleural space
pleurisy
condition in which the pleurae become inflamed, causing sharp inspiratory chest pain
pneumoconiosis
any disease of the respiratory tract caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of dust particles
pneumonia
bacterial or viral infection of the lungs
pneumothorax
air collects in the intrapleural space; categorized as open, closed, spontaneous, or tension, and commonly called collapsed lung
pulmonary embolism PE
sudden obstruction of a pulmonary blood vessel by debris, blood clots, or other matter
pulmonary tuberculosis TB
infection caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis
rhonchi
gurgling sound heard in the lungs with a stethoscope
silicosis
respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of silica dust
sinusitis
inflammation of the lining of the sinus cavities
stridor
high-pitched upper airway sound heard without a stethoscope
URI upper respiratory infection
infection and inflammation of the upper-airway structures, usually caused by a virus; often called a common cold
wheeze
somewhat musical sound heard in the lungs, usually with a stethoscope, caused by partial airway obstruction