Descent with modification? proposing that earths many species are descendants of ancestral species that were different from the present day species.
evolution
The _______of evolutionary change is revealed by data from a range of scientific disciplines, including biology, physics and chemistry. These data are facts- observations about the natural world.
pattern
The _______ of evolution consists of mechanisms that produce the observed pattern of change.
process
Viewed species as fixed; recognized certain affinities among organism. Life forms could be arrange on a latter.
Aristotle
species where individually created by God an where therefor perfect.
old testament
developed the two part format for naming species. with a classification system naming similar species into increasingly general categories.
Carolus Linnaeus
Similar species are grouped into the same ______. similar genus are grouped into the same________.
genus; family
New layers of sediment cover older ones and compress them into superimposed layers of rock called ________.
Strata
The study of fossils?
paleontology
The principal that events in the past occurred suddenly and were caused by mechanisms different from those operating in the present.
catastrophism
States that mechanisms of change are constant over time.
Uniformitarianism
The idea that body parts that are used extensively become larger and stronger, while those that are not used deteriorate.
use and disuse; formed by Lamarck
stated that an organism could pass its modifications on to its offspring.
inheritance of acquired characteristics
Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments.
adaptations
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
natural selection
selecting and breeding individuals that have desired traits
artificial selection
similarity resulting from common ancestry
homology
structures that represent variations on a structural theme that was present in their common ancestor.
homologous structures
Remnants of features that served a function in the organisms ancestors. left over structures, marginal if any importance to the organism.
vestigial structures
biologists often represent the pattern of descent from common ancestors and the resulting homologies with an __________.
evolutionary tree
the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages.
convergent evolution
________ features share similar function, but not common ancestry.
analogous
________ features share common ancestry, but not common function.
Homologous
the geographic distribution of species.
biogeography
found no where else in the world.
endemic
What are for examples of that support natural selection?
1. drug-resistant pathogens 2. similarities among different organisms (homology) 3. fossils 4.biogeography