The goal of educating others about their health is..
to help individuals, families, or communities achieve optimal levels of health.
Patient education is an essential componet of providing safe,_______________ care.
patient centered
Providing education aobut health care helps to reduce health care costs and hardships on...
individuals, families, and communities.
Teaching is...
an interactive process that promotes learning.
Teaching consists of?
a conscious, deliberate set of actions that help individuals gain new knowledge, change attitudes, adopt new behaviors, or prefrom new skills.
A _______ provides information that prompts the _________to engage in activities that lead to a desired change.
Teacher; Learner
Teaching is most effective whenit responds to a learner's ________.
needs
True or False..
A teacher is more effective when presenting information that builds on a patient's existing knowledge.
True
Learning is...
the purposeful acquistion of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills.
Learning occurs when a ________ translates complex language or ideas into words or concepts that the patient understands.
Teacher
Analogies
supplement verbal instruction with familiar images that make comples information more real and understandable.
Learning occurs in 3 domains:
*cognitive (understanding)
*affective (attitudes)
*psychomotor (motor skills)
Cognitive Domain: includes all intellectual behaviors and requires thinging.
Teaching methods
-discussion
-lecture
-question and answer
-role play, discovery
-independent project,field experiance
Affective Domain: deals with expression of feelins and acceptance of attitueds, opinions or values.
Teaching methods
-role play
-discussion (group)
-discussion (one-on-on)
Psychomotor Domain: involves acquiring skils that require the integration of mental and muscular activity.
Teaching methods
-demonstration
-practice
-return demonstration
-independent projects, games
The following physical characteristics are necessary to learn psychomotor skills:
-size
-strength
-coordination
-senory acuity
The Joint Commission's "Speak UP Initiatives"
helps patients understand their rights when receiving medical care.
S
Speak up if you have questions or concerns. If you still do not understand, ask again.
P
Pay attention to the care you get. Always make sure that you are gettin the right treatments and medicines by the right health care professionals. Do not assume anything.
E
Educate yourself about your illness. Learn about the medical tests that are prescribed and your treatment plan.
A
Ask a trusted family member or friend to be your advocate.
K
Know which medicines you take and why you take them.
U
Use a hospital, clinic, surgery center, or other type of health care organization that has ben carefully evaluated.
P
Participate in all decisions about your treatment. You are the center of the health care team.
True or False...
Goals of patient education indicate that a patient achieves a better understanding of the information provided and is able to attain health or better manage illness.
True
Include the patient when establishing _________ and _________ if possible.
learning goals; outcomes
Base priorities on the patient's....
immediate needs, nursing diagnoses, and goals and outcomes that have been established for him.
A patient's learning needs are set in order of _______.
priority
True or False...
Needs related to basic survival are of first priority.
True
Once you assist in meeting patient needs related to basic survival, you can discuss other topics.
Plan your intruction for your patient according to the best _____ for him, organize your teaching marerial from ____________.
Timing; simple to complex
Begin instruction with ______content because patients are more likely to remember information that you teach ______ in the teaching session.
essential; early
Choose appropriate...
teaching methods, encourage, the patient to offer suggestions, and make referrals to other health care professionals when appropriate (collaboration).
________ of teaching involves the belief that each interaction with a patient is an opportunity to teach.
Implementation
Evidence-based interventions to create an effective learning envireonment are...
very important.
Active participation is...
key to learning.
Persons learn better when more than one of the ____ is stimulated.
senses
_______ teaching the patient, ask him about previous experiance with the toppic and build upon preexixting knowledge.
Before
If there is no prior knowledge..
start with very basic information and build on that. Modify your teaching approaches according to the learner's needs.
Teahcing approaches may include:
*telling
*participating
*entrusting
*reinforcing
Telling
use the telling approach when teaching limited information (e.g., preparing a patient for an emergent diagnostic procedure)
Participating
The nurse and patient set objectives and become involved in the learning process together.
Entrusting
The entrusting approach provides the patient the opportunity to manage self-care.
Reinforcing
Requires using a stimulus that increases the probability for a response. A learner who receives reinforcement before or after a desired learning behavior is likely to repeat the behavior.
Instructional Methods may include:
*one-on-one discussion
*group instruction
*preparatory instruction
*demonstrations and return demonstrations
*analogies
*role play
*simulations
Incorporate teaching with nursing care whenever possible because..
teaching during routine care is efficiet an cost-effective.
Always use terminology and language that the patient is able to understand...
refrain from using medical terminology that may not be understood by the patient.
Always consider...
disabilities, cultral diversities, and special needs of children, older adults and others who may have cognitive impairments which require special means of communicating information.
When evaluating if your instruction was successful, always evaluate through the ______ ___, respecting the type of situations patients return to after receiving care.
patient's eyes
Evaluation..
reinforces correct behaviors, helps learners realize how to change incorrect behaviors, and helps the teacher determine adequacy of teaching.
The Nurse is..
leagally responsible for providing acurrate, timely patient information that promotes continuity of care; therefore, it is imperative that you document the instruction and outcomes of teaching.
Self efficacy
a concept included in social learning theory, refers to a person's perceieved ability to successfully complete a task.
Patient education is not complete until...
you evaluate outcomes of the teaching-learning process.
Patient-centered nursing care requires what two effective skills
Critical thinking and communication
Using our five snses to interpret nonverbal communication is often problematic. List 8 nonverbal factors that can affect communication
Personal appearance, posture and gait, facial expression, eye contact, gestures, sounds, territoriality and personal space
What are three examples of symbolic communication used to convey meaning
Music, art and dance
A zone of touch 12 feet and greater
Public. Reserved for speaking to large audiances
A zone of space 4-12 feet in distance is known as
Social and is usually confined to a small group of interaction
Social and is usually confined to a small group of interaction
A zone of space 18 inches to 4 feet is known as
Personal and is direct contact with individuals
A zone of space0- 18 inches is known as
Intimate and is related to hands on care of a patient
Social touch is related to what parts of the body
Hands, arms, shoulders and back (permission not needed)
Hands, arms, shoulders and back (permission not needed)
Consent zone is related to what parts of the body
Mouth, wrists, feet (permission needed)
Vulnerable touch is related to what parts of the body
Face, neck, front of body (special care needed)
Intimate touch is related to what parts of the body
Genitalia, Rectum (Great sensitivity needed)