Diversity Consciousness: Culture and Diversity Flashcards

All of the ways in which people are different.

This includes individual, group, and cultural differences

Our way of life, including everything learned, shared, and transmitted from one generation to the next.

The different lifestyles, traditions, and perspectives that can be found in the US and throughout the world.

Young people, who are "native speakers" of the language of computers, video games, and Internet

All of the ways in which people are different

Language, beliefs, rules

An estimated ____ languages are spoken throughout the world.

Maria is a member of the “baby-boom generation.” Unlike the children of today, she was not born into the digital world but learned the language as well as the new technology later in life. Thus, we can refer to Maria as a ____

According to U.S. Census data cited in the text, which of the following are included among the top ten names in the U.S.?

The U.S. Census data indicates that most of the population now lives in ____ areas

Racial and ethnic minorities now make up approximately ___ of the U.S. population.

Approximately ___ of respondents identified themselves as members of more than one race in the 2000 U. S. Census.

The U.S. demographic date indicates that women will make up almost ____ % of the labor force by the year ____

_______ is the author of The World is Flat.

According to Marshall McLuhan, technological advances have transformed our social world into a ____ ____

As a global business, IBM finds that it must adapt to local cultures and practices. This blending of global and local ideas and practices is referred to as ____

Chapter One addresses a number of different reactions to our changing cultural landscape. Which reaction is most likely to lead to cultural misunderstandings and conflict?

The term “melting pot” is most closely associated with ____

The image of a quilt made up of many different colors reflects which of the following views of diversity:

Dimension of diversity may be hidden or ____

Dimensions of diversity are found within ____ and ____

Dimensions of diversity include ____, ____, and ____

Diversity consciousness refers to ____, ____, and ____

Diversity consciousness is _______________

True or False

According to the text, diversity refers to all of the ways in which people are different.

True or False

According to the text, diversity is a new phenomenon.

True or False

At the present, a majority of the U.S. population lives in rural areas.

True or False

Census 2000 data show that Asians and Pacific Islanders as well as Hispanics are the two fastest-growing minority populations in the U.S.

True or False

In the most recent Census, respondents could identify themselves as belonging to more than one racial category.

True or False

The glass ceiling refers to attitudes, policies, and procedures that have created more upper-level management opportunities for minorities and women.

True or False

Demographic data indicate that women, minorities, and people with disabilities will continue to account for the vast majority of new entries in the U.S. workforce.

True or False

Employment projections show that workers with disabilities will make up a much smaller percentage of the U.S. labor force in the years ahead.

True or False

According to Friedman, people and cultures are becoming more and more independent in the twenty-first century.

True or False

When cultural lag occurs, one part of a culture is not keeping pace with another part.

True or False

Shifting into “cultural cruise control” allows us to interact effectively in diverse settings.

True or False

Pluralism refers to the process by which people lose their cultural differences and blend into the wider society.

True or False

Assimilation refers to the process through which cultural differences are acknowledged and preserved.

True or False

Diversity consciousness means ignoring differences and treating everybody the same.

True or False

Race and gender are examples of master statuses.

True or False

According to the text, diversity is a new phenomenon.

True or False

One form of diversity education is study circles.

_____ _____ refer to people who are “native speakers” of the language of computers, video games, and the Internet, while the term _____ _____ refers to those people who were not born into the digital world but learned about the new technology later in life.

In Chapter One, the author emphasizes the importance of developing a _____ perspective, meaning a view of the world and our place in it.

Generally, high school dropouts and college graduates vary in their ability to access and use information and communication technologies. This gap is known as the _____ _____ .

Malcolm assumes that his values, norms, and beliefs are universal. When he interacts with others, he is oblivious to any number of cultural differences. Malcolm’s inability to react and adjust effectively to different cultural situations is described in Chapter One as _________.

People who were not born into the digital world but learned the language and the new technology later on life

The growing interdependence of people and cultures

A view of the world and our place in it

A cultures openness to diverse influences and ability to blend foreign ideas and best practices with our own traditions

Condition in which one part of a culture is not keeping pace with another part

Attitudes and actions that block the promotion of women and minorities into top management positions

The gap between people with regard to their ability to access and use information and communication technologies (ICT’s)

Acting as if our own values, beliefs, and experiences are universal

The process in which people lose their cultural differences and blend into the wider society

The process through which cultural differences are acknowledged and preserved

Specific traits viewed as distinguishing one person or group from another

Category of people who are perceived as physically distinctive on the basis of certain traits, such as skin color, hair texture, and facial features

The consciousness of cultural heritage shared with other people

Cultural differences that distinguish males from females

Things that people view as important or their general way of thinking

Positions that stand out in the eyes of society and hide one’s individuality

Understanding, awareness, and skills in the area of diversity

All of the strategies that enable us to develop diversity consciousness

Flexible thinking, communication, teamwork, and leadership skills, as well as the ability to overcome personal and social barriers

One-fourth black, or having one black grandparent

One-eighth black, or having one black great-grandparent

Dimensions of diversity are in a constant state of ____

Interference among the duties associated with the multiple positions held by an individual

The process of achieving our goals

A perspective that focuses on the social and cultural context of one's thoughts and actions

Omnipresent social influences that surround us, goes a long way toward explaining our attitudes, character, knowledge, feelings, and other individual attributes

Competencies that allow people to interact with others in a way that respects and values differences

The way we learn

Students who like to work with others to achieve a common goal and are more sensitive to the needs of others

Students who prefer to work independently and compete for individual recognition

Different intellectual strengths or intelligences

What are three ways to increase success at school?

The process in which a person adjusts to another cultural environment without sacrificing his or her own cultural identity

What are three ways to increase success at work?

Groupings of people organized to achieve one or a number of goals

Going along uncritically with the expectations of a group

Creating an environment that enables everyone to contribute to their full potential

Activities aimed at promoting awareness and knowledge and building the skills necessary for operating in a multicultural and global environment

The integration of online and traditional face-to-face approaches to learning

The use of dramatization and role playing to identify and remedy problems in relationships among individuals and groups

People's morals or standards regarding the rightness and wrongness of certain human actions in light of specific circumstances.

Set of attitudes and skills that make it possible for organizations and staff not only to acknowledge cultural differences but also incorporate these differences in working with people from various cultures

Sociocultural theory focuses on the social context of one's ____ and ____

Who theorizes that each of us possesses at least eight intelligences?

According to Daniel Goleman’s research involving more than 150 business firms, _______________ distinguishes average performers from “superstars.”

Rodney, who is working on a group project with a number of other coworkers in his department, has begun to feel that the rest of the group is not interested in his creative and sometimes outlandish ideas. Therefore, he finds it easier to keep quiet and go along with the group even if he disagrees. What is this an example of?

Communication and teamwork are competencies that allow people to interact in a way that values differences. Thus, these are examples of

According to Howard Gardner, there exist at least ____ intelligences.

_______ is the process by which a person adjusts to another cultural environment without sacrificing his or her cultural identity.

According to the text, diversity training has a positive impact when training is viewed as a ________ process

In an experimental study by Robert Schulman of Georgetown Medical Center, doctors proscribed treatment for different actors posing as patients. Findings from the study revealed that the doctors in the study were less likely to recommend appropriate treatment for ____ and ____ patients.

In Chapter Two, the companies Lockheed Martin, Morgan Stanley, and Coca Cola are discussed to illustrate what?

True or False

Sociocultural theory is a perspective that focuses on the social and cultural context of one’s thoughts and actions.

True or False

Transculturation is the process by which people sacrifice their own cultural identity in order to adjust to another cultural environment.

True or False

Diversity skills are those competencies that allow people to interact with others in a way that values differences.

True or False

Research shows that individuals can alter or expand their learning styles.

True or False

According to the text, research studies indicate that cultural upbringing plays a significant role in determining people’s learning styles.

True or False

Managing diversity means creating an environment that enables everyone to realize their full potential.

True or False

Employment discrimination lawsuits in the U.S. have resulted in awards in excess of $500 million.

True or False

According to Daniel Goleman, emotional intelligence is the ability to think things through by suppressing one’s own feelings.

True or False

Groupthink is one of a number of advantages afforded by a diversity conscious workforce.

True or False

Diversity training has a positive impact when training is viewed as an event rather than a process.

Communicating and teaming with coworkers and clients from different cultural backgrounds require competencies that allow us to respect and value differences. These competencies, as discussed in the text, are referred to as _____ _____.

According to the text, diversity consciousness consists of understanding of diversity, diversity skills, and diversity _____.

Students who prefer to work by themselves and compete for individual recognition are described as being field _____.

As discussed in the text, _____ are groupings of people organized to achieve one or more goals.

Today, companies are increasingly offering diversity training by integrating online and traditional approaches to learning. This is referred to as _____ learning.

Diversity training often focuses on how workers, customers, and clients may not necessarily share the same standards regarding the rightness or wrongness of certain behaviors, or what we refer to as _____.

Individual factors that get in the way of our success

Factors that are external to the person and impede her or his success

What are the 6 barriers to success?

The way in which we receive and interpret information from any of our senses

Focusing on things that support our thinking and ignore information that refutes it

The assumption that our way of thinking and acting is naturally superior to any other

An unverified and oversimplified generalization about an entire group of people

The danger of not performing up to our ability because of our anxieties and fears about perpetuating a stereotype

While English is used to conduct all federal government proceedings, this country does not have English as it's official language

What term refers to the fear and hatred expressed towards people identifying as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgendered

As discussed in class, the business case for the effective management of diversity is supported by what two perspectives?

Culture is ____

Diversity equals ____

What are 3 ethical approaches to manage diversity?

Unearned socially constructed advantage that gives group members economic, political and/or social power.

An irrational and inflexible opinion formed on the basis of limited and insufficient knowledge

Unreasonable fear of foreigners

The ability to influence and control others

The thinking by those in power that certain types of people are inherently inferior

Discrimination based on the belief that once race is superior to another

Racism that is built into the systems of power and social institutions

The unequal treatment of people on the basis of their group membership

The cumulative impact of encounters with barriers is much more than the sum of individual instances

Unfairly blaming others for our own problems

The social and cultural context of ones thoughts and feelings

Jordan is a student who has just begun taking courses at a nearby college. Because of Jordan’s limited interaction with people from diverse cultural backgrounds, he hesitates to venture too far out of his comfort zone. Specifically, he shies away from social gatherings and jobs where he anticipates meeting people that do not look or talk like him. Consequently, he has missed out on a number of opportunities to make new friends and expand his social network. Jordan’s experiences illustrate which of the following?

When we perceive what we want to perceive, this is called ____

In his discussion of barriers to success, the author “places” the reader on campus at the University of North Carolina. Specifically, you are asked to evaluate a number of statues found on campus that were created to depict the diversity of the university’s diverse student population. The author cites this example to illustrate which of the following barriers?

What statement best illustrates ethnocentrism?

According to findings from The Pew Global Attitude Project, people in many of the countries surveyed agreed that “their culture is superior to others.” This attitude illustrates which of the following barriers?

An unverified and oversimplified generalization about an entire group of people is called a ____

Joe is a college student majoring in business. Because he is extremely good-looking, people who do not even know him assume he is sociable, sensitive, and poised. What is this an example of?

Following the attacks on September 11, 2001, some Muslims living in the United States encountered a number of social barriers. In some cases, people prejudged and misjudged Muslims simply because of their appearance. What is this is an example of?

According to the text, prejudice can lead to what 3 things?

In a well-known experiment conducted in the 1960’s, Jane Elliott sought to teach her third- grade students in a rural town in Iowa about the dynamics of prejudice. She did this by dividing her students according to _____

When the economy took a turn for the worse, unemployed workers in a small town outside of Atlanta were both angry and frustrated. Unable to strike out at the real cause of their predicament, they unfairly blamed local immigrants for the fact that they did not have a job. What is this is an example of?

The ability to influence and control others is the definition of ____

In her interviews with the residents of Jasper, Texas, Dina Temple-Raston found that ____ viewed hate crimes as the work of individual racists in Jasper

Unequal treatment of people on the basis of their group membership is the definition of ____

What is an example of discrimination against women?

While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____

An employer feels negatively toward employing older people. Nevertheless, he hires older people because of equal opportunity laws. What is this is an example of?

Often, Rivka is hesitant to ask questions in her advanced math class. Since it seems as if everyone expects her to perform poorly in math because of her gender, she rarely says anything. By not asking questions, she avoids the risk of being perceived as a low achiever when it comes to math. What is this is an example of?

Hate crimes reflect the conflict and imbalance of power that has existed among races throughout the history of the U.S. According to this point of view, hate crimes are a reflection of _____ _____

A landlord has no negative personal opinions toward Native Americans. However, many tenants have a deep-seated resentment toward members of this group. To avoid offending these tenants, the landlord does not rent to anyone who appears to be Native American. The landlord is a(n) ____

Paul is open-minded about the subject of homosexuality. However, his friends at school openly ridicule and tease those students who are openly gay. To be accepted by his friends, Paul usually joins in and treats gays in a similar fashion. In this example, Paul is

Roberto, a manager of a small firm that sells sports equipment, assumes that people with disabilities are more likely to miss work. Therefore, he avoids hiring individuals who appear disabled. Roberto is an example of

The cumulative impact of encounters with prejudice, discrimination, ethnocentrism, and other social barriers is referred to as the

True or False

When we show ethnocentrism, we use our own cultural standards to determine what is right or normal.

True or False

Ethnocentrism is universal

True or False

The assumption that all Whites cannot be trusted is an example of a stereotype.

True or False

Xenophobia refers to people’s unreasonable fear of foreigners

True or False

Discrimination refers to an opinion that is both irrational and inflexible.

True or False

According to the text, personal barriers refer to those factors that are external to a person and impede her or his success.

True or False

In comparison to Whites, Blacks in the U.S. are more apt to see racism as built into social institutions.

True or False

Intragroup discrimination occurs between groups, while intergroup discrimination occurs within groups.

True or False

When we scapegoat, we unfairly blame others for our own problems.

True or False

A “culture of victimization” encourages us to look for simple answers to complex problems.

True or False

Prejudice is learned.

True or False

According to interviews conducted by Dina Temple-Raston, Blacks living in Jaspar, Texas, generally viewed the death of James Byrd as the work of a few, racist troublemakers.

True or False

Prejudice always leads to discrimination.

Those factors that are external to an individual and stand in the way of an individual’s success are known as _____ _____.

In discussing personal and social barriers to success, the author of our text discusses the role of _____, or the way we receive and interpret information from our senses.

____________ is derived from two Latin words – prae (“before”) and judicum (“a judgment “).

Racism, sexism, and classism illustrate the interconnection between prejudice and ______________.

The cumulative impact of encounters with prejudice, discrimination, and other barriers is known as the _________________

A lack of contact with cultures outside of our own

The lifelong process of social interaction that enables us to learn about ourselves and others

Out biological makeup

Those aspects of the environment that mold and shape us

Immersion in a culture to the point where that way of life appears only natural

The degree to which we are willing to interact and develop relationships with certain racial and ethnic groups

A person's awareness of his or her own perspective of others

The unequal distribution of resources, such as wealth, power and prestige

The category of people who share similar amounts of wealth, power, and prestige

An ideology that asserts superiority on the basis of age

Those benefits in life that we have through no effort of our own

The thinking that one sex is superior to another and that unequal treatment is therefore justifiable.

The thinking that one class is superior to another and that unequal treatment is therefore justifiable

A system in which people get ahead solely on the basis of merit

The group with power and privilege

The group at a disadvantage in terms of power and privilege

The ability to freely question and evaluate ideas and information

Taking a more active role in hearing and digesting what is being said as well as encouraging the speaker

Exclusion that results from being seen as an "outsider"

Diversity skills include flexible thinking, teamwork, and ____.

__________ makes it difficult for us to realize how our environment shapes our assumptions

The lifelong process of social interaction that enables us to learn about ourselves and others is called ____.

As a child, Tonya was immersed in an environment in which a college education was the norm. She was raised to believe that going to college, not getting a job, was the “natural thing to do” after graduating from high school. This situation reflects what?

_________ is the exclusion that results from being seen as an “outsider”

The author of our text quotes a writer who describes the importance of being able to “borrow other people’s eyes, to see to learn, and learn to see.” While this ability promotes the overall development of diversity consciousness, what does it relate most closely to?

For Tamra, college was the first time she wrestled with issues involving social inequality. Many of these issues continually surfaced in courses, student activity programs, and college- wide community service projects. Consequently, her diversity consciousness increased in all areas, but particularly in terms of her ability to what?

According to the text, developing diversity consciousness includes applying our knowledge and behavior to real-life situations. What is this called?

As we develop diversity consciousness over time, our thinking will become more flexible, more inclusive, and more ____

When discussing social inequality, the author of our text distinguishes between a majority and a minority. The difference between a majority and a minority is ____

According to the text, the emphasis on _____________ in the United States makes it difficult to see social influences.

Sonja practices her active listening skills both at work and home. By constantly practicing this diversity skill, she has learned to assume a more active role in hearing and digesting what is being communicated. Sonja’s ability to actually put this skill into practice is identified in the text as ____ ____

True or False

Cultural encapsulation promotes sensitivity to cultural differences.

True or False

Nurture refers to biological influences that mold and shape us.

True or False

According to the text, the emphasis on individualism in the U.S. promotes our awareness of social influences.

True or False

Enculturation promotes our ability to examine ourselves and our worlds.

True or False

Double consciousness refers to a person’s awareness of his or her own perspective and the perspective of others.

True or False

The term “social class” describes a category of people who share similar amounts of wealth, power, and prestige.

True or False

Sexism refers to the thinking that one sex is superior to another and that unequal treatment is therefore justifiable.

True or False

The degree to which we are willing to interact and develop relationships with certain groups is called social distance.

True or False

According to the text, social class in the United States is defined solely in terms of wealth.

True or False

In a meritocracy, social and economic inequality is primarily due to the effects of discrimination and prejudice.

True or False

Unearned privileges refer to benefits in life that we have through no effort of our own.

True or False

As we develop our diversity consciousness, our thinking becomes more flexible.

The author compares _____ _____ to living in a “cultural bubble.”

Emory Bogardus created a scale to measure our willingness to accept certain racial and ethnic groups as neighbors, classmates, and coworkers. The scale was designed to measure a concept he referred to as _____ _____.

In The Souls of Black Folk, W. E. B. Du Bois discussed the importance of being aware of one’s own perspective as well as the perspectives of others. He referred to this as _____ _____.

________ is an ideology that asserts superiority on the basis of age.

The ability to freely question and evaluate ideas and information is the definition of _____ _____.

According to Lin Dawson, a trainer for professional athletes, participants in diversity training may be grouped into three categories – prisoners, vacationers, and _______________.

The process by which people transfer information, ideas, attitudes, and feelings to each other.

Anything that represents something else

The study of body movements as a means of communication

It may mean one thing to one culture but something quite different to another

A process in which messages created in one culture must be processed and interpreted in another culture

A visual form of communication using hand shapes and movements to talk or to express an idea

The many languages spoken in the United States and throughout the world

The ability to speak two languages fluently

The ability to speak more than two languages

Discrimination based on language

The ways in which people attempt to control the impressions they make on others and how others see them

The imparting or interchange of information through technology

The spread of objects and ideas from one culture to another

The culture that we create and can see, touch, or feel

A peson who spends time living with people in order to research their customs

____ refers to one's position

The ability to influence people

Patterns in the way people use language

The language that triggers negative reactions from people who view it as insulting and derogatory

____________ means that you can feel the pain of victimization even if people do not attack or victimize you directly

The study of body movements as a means of communication is known as ____.

__________ is the process in which messages created in one culture must be processed and interpreted in another culture.

Deborah Tannen’s research focuses on the different communication styles of who?

By communicating electronically, individuals can attempt to control how others see them. Erving Goffman calls this ____ ____

When communicating at work, Stephen is particularly adept at understanding coworkers’ and clients’ points of view. This allows Stephen to be more sensitive to others without judging or comparing. This ability, which allows Stephen to be more diversity conscious when it comes to communication, is mostly closely related to what?

Certain terms such as “retard,” “redneck,” and “colored” trigger negative reactions from people who view them as insulting and derogatory. Consequently, these terms are referred to as __________

According to the text, the status and power of the speaker and the receiver influence the communication that takes place between them. This statement relates most closely to what?

“To improve our communication skills, we need to be open to feedback. Otherwise, we will not know when we are relating well and when we are not.” This statement relates most closely to what?

Practicing our communication styles and skills is an example of what the author terms as ____ ____

True or False

We communicate with both verbal and nonverbal symbols.

True or False

Body language throughout the world is culturally specific.

True or False

According to Deborah Tannen, women tend to be more direct than men when making requests.

True or False

We refer to people who are able to speak more than two languages fluently as bilingual.

True or False

According to the text, studies show that people who speak more than one language have lower levels of cognitive flexibility.

True or False

Since sign language is both universal and uniform, deaf people all over the world can communicate with each other.

True or False

Learning in online courses is asynchronous.

True or False

An ethnographer is someone who spends time living with people in order to research their customs.

True or False

Cultural diffusion refers to the spread of objects and ideas from one culture to another

True or False

Among many Asian and Latin American cultures, it is rude to establish direct eye contact

True or False

According to the text, mirroring is a barrier to effective listening.

_____ is the process by which people transfer information, ideas, attitudes, and feelings to each other.

The way we position our body, express ourselves verbally, or even move our eyes may represent something. In other words, they are _____.

Nodding one’s head up and down carries different meanings in different parts of the world. Thus, it is a _____ _____ gesture.

Linguistic diversity refers to the many _____ spoken throughout the world.

According to Deborah Tannen, women have a greater information focus, while men have a greater _____ focus.

Those parts of our culture that we can see and/or touch are known as _____ _____.

Status refers to one’s _____.

Patterns in the way people use language, reflecting people’s cultural and regional backgrounds, are referred to as _____.

A number of people who are involved in a cooperative effort

The coordinated effort by a group of persons working toward a common goal

The concept that members of a team interacting cooperatively will accomplish much more than if they act alone

A group of people that work "across space, time, and organizational boundaries with links strengthened by webs of communication technologies

People's shared belief that they are capable of effecting change and making a difference

The confidence among team members that their peers intentions are good

The struggle that results when two or more parties perceive a difference or incompatibility in their interests, values, or goals.

The process by which conflict is dealt with in an effective and constructive manner

____ blots out intuition and much of the world around us

Uri Treisman’s research focused on the relationship between teamwork and ____

The jigsaw method, as used by Aronson, was a(n) educational plan aimed at reducing ____ ____ among public school students

The concept of synergy refers to the benefits of ____

According to Tuchman, it takes time for team members to develop a sense of trust, cohesiveness, and understanding of the norms that guide their behavior. Tuchman refers to this stage of team development as ____

When we check up on ourselves as a member of a team, we need to be aware of our own values as well as the values of other team members. In other words, we need to show ____

In one exercise used in diversity training, a label is placed on each person in a small group. In the course of performing a task, these people are instructed to treat other individuals according to their labels. Labels might include expert, militant, smart, dumb, and secretary. The primary aim of this exercise is to illustrate which obstacles to teamwork?

Fiona encounters conflict on her job almost daily. Consequently, she finds it helpful to “pick her battles” and avoid conflict whenever possible. Which of the 6 c's describes Fiona’s approach to conflict management?

Members of a virtual team cannot decide on a fair way to determine how they get paid for their work on a particular project, since team members live in a number of countries with different standards of living. Thus, they hire a neutral third person to help them reach a non- binding decision on their pay. This is an example of ____

Rather than taking sides when it comes to conflict, Frieda and Dennis try to settle their differences through mutual concessions. In effect, each of them tries to give a little. Their approach to conflict management is ____

True or False

Synergy is the concept that members of a team interacting cooperatively will accomplish much more than if they act alone.

True or False

A virtual team works across space, time, and organizational boundaries.

True or False

In comparison to face-to-face teams, virtual teams tend to experience fewer problems in terms of miscommunication and conflict.

True or False

Mindfulness lowers our consciousness and blots out intuition.

True or False

According to the text, every team is diverse.

True or False

According to Stephen Covey, empathy is the most important skill needed for teamwork.

True or False

According to Tuchman, storming refers to a period in a team’s development during which members reach agreement on their norms and mission.

True or False

When team members recenter, they shift perspectives and adopt multiple points of view.

True or False

When arbitration is used to deal with conflicts, the arbitrator has the power to render a binding decision.

True or False

When a team develops collective efficacy, its members believe they are capable of effecting change and making a difference.

True or False

Collective efficacy is found on high performance teams.

True or False

According to the text, high performance teams avoid groupthink.

True or False

Conflict is defined as the struggle that results when two or more parties perceive a difference or incompatibility in their goals.

True or False

Conflict management is the process by which conflict is dealt with in an effective and constructive manner.

True or False

Both arbitrators and mediators have the power to render a binding decision.

A _____ is a number of people who are involved in a cooperative effort.

“A group of people that works across time, space, and organizational boundaries with links strengthened by webs of communication technologies” is the definition of a _____ _____.

_____ _____ refers to people’s shared belief that they are capable of bringing about change and making a difference.

When team members lack _____ or confidence that their peer’s intentions are good, this can become a major obstacle to teamwork.

_____ is the struggle that occurs when two or more parties perceive their values or goals to be incompatible.

The word ting, as used by Chinese, means that we should listen with our ears, _____, and heart.

A give-and-take process in which a neutral third person helps disputing parties reach a mutually fair, non-binding resolution is known as _____.

The process by which people inspire, influence, and empower others to achieve a common goal

Relatively small groups of employees who function on their own and are given significant responsibility for planning, organizing, and decision making

The process in which the sharing of leadership allows everybody to work together and maximize their expertise and creativity

The process by which people influence others by recognizing, understanding, and adjusting to diversity in all its forms.

Judging others on the basis of one's own expectations

The ability to use interpersonal cues to understand better one's own behavior and its effect on others.

Leaders that tend to focus more on the task at hand and less on how group members get along.

Leaders whose primary concern is the well-being of group members and their ability to work as a unit

The numerous and various ways in which we influence others

Individuals who adapt their leadership style depending on the circumstances

____ reinforces people's reliance on self, and encourages a greater concern with one's own interests.

____ reinforces a greater reliance on the group, and a greater concern for the welfare of all concerned.

Cultures where significant inequalities among people are both accepted and expected

Cultures that play down the importance of inequalities in power and wealth as much as possible.

Risk and uncertainty are avoided if at all possible and absolute truths are embraced

People in _____________ societies tend to avoid absolute truths and do not feel nearly as threatened by behavior and opinions different from their own

Cultures that sharply delineate gender roles and attach more importance to roles associated with males, such as assertiveness and independence

Cultures that distinguish among gender roles to a lesser degree and attach more importance to roles associated with females

A viewpoint that focuses on interaction among individuals in specific settings

Focuses on large-scale patterns of behavior in organizations, societies, and the world as a whole

Feelings of disorientation and stress due to experiencing an unfamiliar cultural environment

What are the four building blocks of diversity-consciousness leadership?

When leading across differences at work, Roberto views situations from a variety of perspectives, continually checks the assumptions he makes about others, and reflects on what he might do differently in the future. His ability to not just think about these things but actually do them relates most closely to his ____

Belinda occupies a leadership position at a large firm. Her main focus is making sure people complete their work on time. Given the demands of her job, she finds it difficult to get to know her employees on a personal level. Whenever possible, she makes it clear to them that they need to leave their personal issues at home. Belinda is an example of a(n) ____ ____

Data from Hofstede’s research on workers in 40 countries point to the impact of cultural differences on attitudes and values. Specifically, his data shows that these cultures differed along what dimensions?

Hofstede’s research showed the U.S. to be a ____ power distance country

A leader from a highly collectivist, large power distance culture may have a difficult time adjusting to life in a highly individualist, small power distance culture. Specifically, she or he could experience feelings of disorientation and stress known as ____________

Recent survey data collected by the Center for Creative Leadership examined how our thinking about leadership is evolving. Specifically, the Center found that people expect leadership in the future to be more ____

True or False

Leaders can exert a positive or negative influence.

True or False

Diversity-conscious leaders are naturally “people persons.”

True or False

According to the text, everyone has the potential to be a diversity-conscious leader.

True or False

According to the text, diversity-conscious leaders are intellectually brilliant.

True or False

Diversity-conscious leaders find it useful to predict and evaluate the actions of others by employing a technigue known as mirror-imaging.

True or False

Behavioral theories of leadership are based on the assumption that certain individuals are “born leaders.”

True or False

In their research on leaders, Goldsmith and Morgan found that if leaders understand what they need to do, they will do it.

True or False

The main concern of instrumental leaders is the well-being of group members.

True or False

Laissez-faire leaders make all or most of the decisions and tend to keep power to themselves.

True or False

Situational leaders adapt their leadership style on the basis of the circumstances they encounter.

True or False

Situational leaders adopt a democratic leadership style in all situations.

True or False

Hofstede’s study shows that effective leadership strategies are universal.

True or False

According to Hofstede’s research findings, workers in the cultures he studied generally agreed on how a leader should behave.

True or False

As defined in Hofstede’s research, small power distance cultures are those societies in which significant inequalities among people are both expected and accepted.

True or False

Hofstede’s theory of leadership reflects a micro-level orientation.

True or False

In strong uncertainty avoidance societies, followers rely heavily on leaders, so much so that the word of leaders is accepted as a kind of law.

True or False

According to Hofstede, the U.S. is an example of an individualist country.

True or False

Of the countries he studied, Hofstede found Japan to be the most feminine country.

True or False

Findings from the GLOBE study support the need for situational leadership.

According to the text, leadership is described as having three key features. These three features are: leadership is a process, leadership is situational, and leadership is _____.

Diversity-conscious leadership refers to the process by which people influence others by recognizing, _____, and adjusting to diversity in all its forms.

As defined in the text, _____ is the ability to use interpersonal cues to understand better one’s own behavior and its effect on others.

_____ leaders keep power to themselves rather than share power.

_____ _____ , an international management scholar, studied the cultural context of leadership by surveying IBM workers in 40 countries.

In his research, Hofstede found that _____ cultures sharply differentiate between male and female roles.

Traditionally, training by organizations in the U.S. has primarily focused on ____ skills

The average age of workers is ____

At present, which religious faith constitutes a majority of the U.S. population?

Census 2000 figures show that foreign-born residents account for approximately ___ percent of the U.S. population.

W. E. B. Dubois stated that the problem of the twentieth century would be the problem of the ____ ____

True or False

Diversity consciousness provides us with skills we need for any job.

True or False

Increasing one’s diversity consciousness is a process that is ongoing and lifelong.

True or False

Over the next few decades, the percentage of Whites in the U.S. workforce will decrease.

True or False

The average age of workers in the U.S. workforce is increasing.

True or False

According to Census data, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Americans, and Native Americans will comprise roughly 20 percent of the U.S. population by the year 2050.

True or False

People over age 85 are presently the slowest-growing segment of the U.S. population.

True or False

The religious diversity of the U.S. population is increasing.

True or False

Research by Robert Putnam shows that in the presence of diversity we tend to gravitate toward people who share our own ethnicity.

True or False

According to the text, there is no optimal level at which we can stop developing our diversity consciousness.

True or False

According to surveys cited in the text, young people generally perceive more divisiveness, more barriers, and less tolerance in the U.S. today than older people do.

People over the age of ___ are the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population.

Gradually, the term _____ has become more inclusive and multidimensional.

W. E. B. Dubois stated that the problem of the twentieth century would be the problem of the _____ line.