The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the ________ layer.
papillary
reticular
epidermal
hypodermal
subcutaneous
papillary
If the papilla of a hair follicle is destroyed,
hair production will not be affected.
the follicle will lose its blood supply.
the texture of the hair will become coarser.
the color of the hair will become lighter.
the hair produced by the follicle will change from terminal to vellus.
the hair produced by the follicle will change from terminal to vellus.
Accessory structures of the skin include all of the following, except
hair follicles.
sebaceous glands.
sweat glands.
nails.
epidermis.
epidermis.
Nail production occurs at the nail
cuticle.
bed.
root.
body.
hyponychium.
root.
Sensible perspira!on released by the eccrine sweat glands serves to:
cool the surface of the skin
reduce body termperature
dilute harmful chemicals
a, b, and c
a, b, and c
The layers of the epidermis where mitotic divisions occur are:
germinativum and spinosum
corneum and germinativum
spinosum and corneum
germinativum and spinosum
The two main components of the integument are the:
integument and dermis
epidermis and dermis
dermis and hypodermis
epidermis and hypodermis
epidermis and superficial fascia
epidermis and dermis
The effects of aging on the skin include
an increased blood supply to the dermis.
thickening of the epidermis.
a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands.
an increased number of sweat glands.
increased production of vitamin D.
a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands.
Skin inflammation that primarily involves the papillary layer is termed
papillitis.
epidermatitis.
dermatitis.
superficialis
melanocyitis
dermatitis.
The most abundant cells in the epidermis are:
adipocytes (fat cells)
keratinocytes
Merkel's cells
melanocytes
Langerhans cells (dendritic cells)
keratinocytes
Sagging and wrinkling of the skin occurs from:
the decline of germinative cell activity in the epidermis
a decrease in the elastic fiber network of the dermis
a decrease in vitamin production
deactivation of sweat glands
a decrease in the elastic fiber network of the dermis
The tough "horny" superficial layer of the epidermis is known as the
stratum corneum.
stratum granulosum.
stratum spinosum.
stratum lucidum.
stratum germinativum.
stratum corneum.
_______ is fat-soluble, produced in the skin on exposure to UV
radiation,
and necessary for normal bone growth and function.
vitamin D3
Cortisol
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
vitamin D3
_______ are macrophages in the epidermis that are part of the immune
system:
Langerhan's cells
basal cells
Merkel's cells
keratinocytes
melanocytes
Langerhan's cells
The ________ in keratinocytes protects the epidermis and dermis from the harmful effects of sunlight.
hemoglobin
carotene
keratin
sebum
melanin
melanin
Special smooth muscles in the dermis that, when contracted,
produce
'goose bumps' are called:
tissue papilla
arrector pili
root sheaths
dermal papilla
arrector pili
Ceruminopus glands are modified sweat glands located in the:
reticular layer of the dermis
stratum spinosum of the epidermis
nasal passageways
external ear canal
external ear canal
Third degree burns differ from first degree and second degree burns in that:
the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are destroyed
they are more painful
fluid accumulates between the dermis and epidermis
the burn only affects the superficial layers of the skin
the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are destroyed
Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system?
protection of underlying tissue
excretion
maintenance of body temperature
synthesis of vitamin C
synthesis of vitamin C
The two major parts of the dermis are:
capillaries and nerves
dermal papilla and a subcutaneous layer
sensory receptors and accessory structures
papillary layer and reticular layer
papillary layer and reticular layer