The skeletal system is made up of two types of tissue: __________ and __________.
bone; cartilage
The skeletal system is split into the __________ and __________ skeleton.
axial; appendicular
Cartilage is a __________ connective tissue and includes __________ __________ cartilage.
softer; articular hyaline
Articular hyaline cartilage coats the __________ of bones at __________ joints, provides a __________ gliding surface, and makes up part of the __________.
ends; synovial; smooth; rib
The 5 types of bones are:
Long, Short, Flat, irregular, Sesamoid
A long bone is __________ in shape; an example is the __________.
tubular; humerus
A short bone is __________ in shape and is found in the __________ and __________.
cuboidal; ankle; wrist
A flat bone is __________ and an example is the __________.
protective; cranium
An irregular bone has __________ shapes; an example is the bones of the __________.
various; face
A sesamoid bone, like the __________ or bones in the __________, develops in certain __________ and protects them from excessive __________.
patella; thumb; tendons; wear
Compact bone, also known as __________ bone, is very __________ and without __________. It provides __________ to the outer portions and is thickest in the __________.
cortical; dense; cavities; strength; shaft
Spongy bone, also known as __________, __________, has numerous __________ (bridges) and __________ separated by marrow cavities. These provide __________ to compact bone without extra __________.
cancellous; trabecular; trabeculae; spicules; strength; weight
The body is the principal mass of a bone. In long bones, it is the __________ of the bone. In vertebrae, it is the __________, weight-bearing portion between __________ discs.
shaft; anterior; intervertebral
What is 1?
anatomical neck
What is 2?
greater tuberosity
What is 3?
surgical neck
What is 4?
head of humerus
What is 5?
intertubercular groove
What is 6?
lesser tuberosity
What is 7?
Deltoid tuberosity
A condyle is a rounded, __________-like articular area, often occurring in __________.
knuckle
pairs
What is 1 and 7?
lateral epicondyle
What is 2 and 6?
lateral condyle
What is 3?
Patellar surface
What is 4?
medial condyle
What is 5?
intercondylar fossa
What is 8?
lateral supracondylar line
What is 9?
Popliteal surface
What is 10?
medial supracondylar line
What is 11?
Adductor tubercle
What is 12?
medial epicondyle
A facet is a __________, __________ area, usually covered with __________.
smooth; flat; cartilage
A facet is where a bone __________ with another bone.
articulates
A notch is an __________ at the edge of a bone.
indentation
A foramen is a __________ through a bone.
passage
A fossa is a __________ or __________ area.
hollow; depressed
A process is an __________ or __________ serving a particular __________, having a characteristic __________, or extending in a particular __________.
extension; projection; purpose; shape; direction
A trochanter is a __________, __________ elevation.
large; blunt
A tubercle is a __________, __________ eminence.
small; raised
What is 1?
transverse process
What is 2?
vertebral foramen
What is 3?
spinous process
What is 4?
pedicle
What is 5?
body
The first step of endochondral ossification is the __________ model, where the __________ bud is invading.
cartilage; periosteal
The second step of endochondral ossification is __________ ossification in the __________.
primary; diaphysis
The third step of endochondral ossification is __________ ossification in the __________, where bones continue to grow, forming an __________ growth plate with __________ cartilage.
secondary; epiphysis; epiphyseal; hyaline
The fourth step of endochondral ossification is when __________ meets __________, and __________ disappears, leaving behind the __________ line.
bone; bone; cartilage; epiphyseal
Intramembranous ossification is associated with the __________ bones of the __________.
flat; skull
In intramembranous ossification, the __________ is formed first, then transitions into __________.
membrane; bone
Dense tissue is absorbed and reflected by X-rays, which shows __________, __________.
white; radiopaque
Less dense tissue in an X-ray shows __________, __________.
dark; radiolucent
What is 1?
comminuted fracture
What is 2?
compound fracture
What is 3?
spiral fracture
What is 4?
transverse fracture
What is 5?
greenstick fracture
What is 6?
oblique fracture
The first step of bone healing is the formation of a _____ _____ and __________ inflammation follows.
blood clot; acute
The second step of bone healing involves the proliferation of __________ and __________, calling __________ tissue.
fibroblasts; capillaries; granulation
The third step of bone healing is the formation of a __________ of soft callus as fibrocartilage bridges the gap.
collar
The fourth step of bone healing is when the callus __________.
calcifies
The fifth step of bone healing is when the callus is __________ and replaced by __________.
reabsorbed; bone
The sixth step of bone healing is __________ __________ .
bone remodeling