Every organ in the human body is made up of four basic tissues: __________, __________ tissue, __________, and __________ tissue.
Epithelia, connective, muscle, nervous
All tissues originate from the three germ layers that form early in embryonic development: the __________, __________, and __________.
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Dermoid cysts or __________ are tumors that occur in the __________ and are derived from all three germ layers.
teratomas, ovaries
Teratomas can contain various tissue types such as __________, __________, __________ cells, and __________.
teeth, hair, muscle, epithelium
Epithelia cover the __________ (epidermis), line __________, and form __________.
body surface, body cavities, glands
The body surface epithelium (epidermis) is derived from the __________.
ectoderm
The epithelium lining body cavities is derived from the __________.
endoderm
As an exception, the epithelium of the kidney is derived from the __________.
mesoderm
Glands are formed by either the ectoderm or endoderm. Give one example of a gland formed by each.
Sweat glands – ectoderm; Liver and pancreas – endoderm
Epithelia are ________ and receive nutrients and oxygen from blood vessels in the underlying ________ tissue.
avascular; connective
Epithelial cells are closely opposed, joined by specialized ________, have surface ________, and are separated from underlying connective tissue by a ________ lamina.
junctions; specialization; basal
Epithelia have surface specialization like ________ and ________.
cilia; microvilli
The basal lamina allows ________ of epithelium, organizes growth of tissue during ________, and acts as a barrier to cells migrating to the underlying ________ tissue.
growth; development; connective
Simple epithelia have ________ ________ of cells.
one layer
Stratified epethlia have ________ ________ ________ ________ of cells
more than one layer
________ epithelia have what appears to be more than one layer of cells, but all cells sit on the ________ lamina, even though some are short and some are tall.
Pseudostratified
basal
Squamous cells are ________.
flattened
Square cells are ________.
cuboidal
Tall cells are called ________.
columnar
Transitional cells are capable of adapting to ________, like with bladder filling.
stretch
Transitional cells are found only in the ________ system.
urinary
What is 1?
squamous
What is 2?
cuboidal
What is 3?
columnar
What is 4?
simple
What is 5?
stratified
What is 6?
pseudostratified columnar
What is 7?
transitional
What is this?
Mesentery spread- flattened squamous cells
What is this?
Simple squamous in Bowman's capsule
What is this?
Stratified cuboidal in sweat gland
What is this?
Stratified squamous in esophagus, non keratinized (not in skin)
In the skin, you have ________ squamous ________ epithelium, where cells at the top are ________.
stratified; keratinized; dead
What is this?
transitional epithelium
ureter
______ cells (also called umbrella cells) exist in ________ epithelium.
Dome; transitional
ciliated pseudostratified in trachea
What is this?
microvilli in small intestine, simple columnar.
have brush border
Connective tissue is derived from ________ and is separated from one another by ________ ________, which contains nutrients.
mesoderm; extracellular matrix
Connectivue tissure proper divded into ________ and ________.
dense
loose
Dense connective tissue has more ________ (________) than ________.
fibers; collagen; cells
Loose connective tissue is more ________ and is typically found ________ epithelia.
cellular; under
________ tissue is fat.
Adipose
Specialized connective tissues include ________ , ________ , ________.
bone, cartilage, blood.
What is 1?
loose connective tissue
What is 2?
dense connective tissue
What is 3?
specialized connective tissue
What is 4?
loose (areolar) connective tissue
What is 5?
dense regular connective tissue
What is 6?
adipose tissue
What is 7?
cartilage
What is 8?
dense irregular connective tissue
What is 9?
bone
What is 10?
blood
What is this?
dense connective tissue- tendon
What is 1?
loose connective tissue
What is 2?
lamina propria of small intestine
adipose- fat
What is red?
cartilage
What is yellow?
bone
Bone has lots of ________, which stains ________ with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain.
collagen; pink
________ stain blue with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain.
Proteoglycans
Muscle tissue is dervied from ________.
mesoderm
The two types of muscles are: ________ and ________.
striated and smooth
The two types of striated muscle are ________ and ________.
skeletal and cardiac
Skeletal tissue consists of long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells with ________ nuclei.
peripheral
Skeletal muscle is ________ and typically under voluntary control.
voluntary
Cardiac tissue consists of branched cells with ________ ________ ________ and ________ discs and ________ junctions.
centrally located nuclei
intercalated
gap
Cardiac muscle is ________ and typically under involuntary control.
involuntary
Smooth muscles are ________ cells and have no ________.
fusiform
striations
Smooth muscle cells appear ________ when cut.
round
What is 1?
skeletal muscle
What is 2?
cardiac muscle
What is 3?
smooth muscle
What is red?
skeletal
What is yellow?
cardiac
what is this?
smooth muscle
Types of nervous tissue include ________, ________, and ________.
PNS, ANS, CNS
PNS is derived from ________ ________ cells.
neural crest
Sensory neurons are located in ________ and ________ ________.
spinal and cranial ganglia.
Motor neurons are located in the ________ ________ anterior horn or in the ________ ________ ________.
spinal cord
brainstem motor nuclei
______ cells myelinate axons in the PNS.
Schwann
Schwann cells and sensory neurons are derived from ________ ________.
neural crest
Motor neurons (reside in CNS) are derived from ________ ________.
neural tube
The ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) has two divisions: ________ and ________.
sympathetic, parasympathetic
Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located in the ________ of the thoracic spinal cord.
lateral horn
Preganglionic sympathetic neurons send axons out via the same route as ________ neurons, and synapse in ________ along the spinal column or ganglia on the anterior surface of the aorta.
motor, ganglia
Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in the ________ ________ or ________ spinal cord.
brainstem nuclei, sacral
All ANS neurons are derived from ________ ________.
neural crest
The CNS includes the ________ and ________ and is derived from the ________.
brain, spinal cord, neural tube
Neurons in the CNS are located in ________.
nuclei
________ cells in the CNS myelinate axons.
Oligodendroglia
What is this?
Node of Ranvier
What is red?
cerebral cortex
What is yellow?
spinal cord