Quick and Easy Medical Terminology: Medical Terminology Ch. 9 Flashcards

the process of providing nutrition for the body

the oral intake of substances into the body (in humans)

the mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that can be eventually absorbed by cells

the process in which digested food molecules pass through the lining of the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries

removal of undigested food particles

elimination of wastes through the anus in the form of feces

enzyme that breaks down lactose

a simple sugar that is the major source of energy for the body

enzyme that breaks down starch

effective enzyme that breaks down protein

effective enzyme that breaks down a lipid (fat)

refers to the stomach and intestines

one who specializes in the surgery of the mouth

pertaining to the gum

under the tongue

a type of medication that is placed under the tongue, where the medicine dissolves

pertaining to teeth

deals with the teeth and mouth conditions of children

the branch of dentistry concerned with tooth alignment and associated with facial problems

a specialist in orthodontics

tissue that supports the teeth and keeps them firmly anchored

pertaining to the periodontium

washing out of the stomach

pain of the stomach

the study of the stomach, intestines, and associated structures

a physician who specializes in gasteroenterology

a group of muscles that are located between the ileum & the cecum

the latter part of the colon that is S-shaped

a physician who specializes in diseases of the anus and rectum as well as disorders of the colon

produced by the liver to break down fats before absorption by the small intestine

pertaining to bile

pertaining to the gallbladder

pertaining to the common bile duct

a hormone that regulates the blood sugar level

an x-ray image of the esophagus while the patient swallows a liquid barium suspension

ingested in the upper GI series and the radiographic examination is made as the barium passes through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

lower intestinal tract is studied with a rectal infusion of barium sulfate

the pathway for bile to flow from the liver to the bile duct and into the duodenum

gallstone; a stone that is formed in the biliary tract varying in size from very small to very large

the presence of stones in the gallbladder

stones that become lodged in the common bile duct

the presence of a pancreatic stone

studying the salivary glands by injecting radiopaque substances into the duct

if the focus of an upper garstrointestinal endoscopy is the esophagus

f the focus of an upper garstrointestinal endoscopy is the stomach

the endoscopic examination of the lining of the colon with a colonoscope

inspection of the rectum and sigmoid with an endoscope

endoscopic examination of the rectum with a proctoscope

a result or resistance to insulin or lack of insulin secretion by the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas

increased glucose level in the blood

excessive hunger & uncontrollable eating

excessive urination

excessive thirst

urine that contains glucose

first recognized during pregnancy usually caused by a deficiency of insulin

the pancreas produces too much insulin and the blood contains less than the normal amount of sugar

cholesterol is elevated
increased amount of fat or lipids in the blood

abnormal increase in the proportion of fat cells in the body

vomiting

the output of body fluid exceeds the fluid intake

excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition

loss of appetite for food

associated with psychological stress or conflict, characterized by prolonged refusal to eat that results in emaciation

characterized by episodes of binge eating that often terminate in sells induced vomiting

depletion of nutrients for body cells

complex of symptoms that include anorexia, weight loss, flatulence, muscle contractions, and bone pain

excessive gas in the stomach and intestinal tract that leads to bloating

inflammation of the vermiform appendix

inflammation of the liver

enlargement of the liver

pertaining to the liver

chronic liver disease characterized by marked degeneration of liver cells

toxic or destructive to the liver

inflammation of the bile ducts

x-ray examination of the bile ducts, usually a contrast agent

inflammation of the gallbladder

pancreatic stone

presence of a salivary stone

good or normal digestion

bad, poor, or abnormal digestion

pertaining to the large internal organs in the abdominal cavity

membrane that surrounds the viscera and lines the abdominal cavity

inflammation of the peritoneum

protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening in the muscle wall of the cavity

ulcers of the mouth & lips

inflammation of the lips

inflammation of the gums

inflammation of the tongue

inflammation of the mouth

inability to swallow or difficulty in swallowing

a complex of enlarged & swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are susceptible to hemorrhage

inflammation of the esophagus

condition resulting from the back flow of the stomach contents into the esophagus

inflammation of the stomach

herniation of the stomach

inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract

excessive amount of acid in the stomach

lesion of mucus membrane accompanied by shedding of dead tissue

bleeding of the upper digestive structures, sometimes evidence of blood in the vomit

inflammation of the vermiform appendix

inflammation of the colon

inflammation of a diverticulum in the intestinal tract, especially in the colon, causing stagnation of feces and pain

a small sac or pouch in the wall of an organ

the presence of diverticula without inflammation

an ulcer of the duodenum

inflammation of the duodenum

stoppage or delay in the passage of food through the intestine

masses of veins in the anal canal that are unnaturally distended and lie just inside or outside the rectum

abnormally increased motility of large and small intestines of unknown origin

bleeding of the lower digestive structures

inflammation of the gallbladder

formation or presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

stoppage of bile excretion

chronic liver disease characterized by marked degeneration of liver cells

inflammation of the liver

enlargement of the liver

general term for diseases characterized by excessive urination

condition in which the blood glucose level is abnormally low

inflammation of the pancreas

a tube is inserted through a new opening made in the esophagus

a tube is inserted through a new opening made in the stomach

a tube is inserted through a new opening made in the jejunum

an appetite-supressing drug

surgical approaches for treating extreme obesity, generally used when conservative methods have failed, limit food intake or absorption

used to treat diarrhea

relieve or prevent vomiting

evacuation of the bowel and may be prescribed to correct constipation

strong medications used to promote full evacuation of the bowel, as in preparation for diagnostic studies or surgery of the digestive tract

removal of the vermiform appendix

surgical removal of the gallbladder

creation of an artificial anus on the abdominal wall by incising the colon and drawing it out to the surface

surgical removal of all or part of the stomach

when the remaining part of a gastrectomy is joined to the duodenum

the joining of two organs, vessels, or ducts that are normally separate

surgical creation of a new opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall

removal of hemorrhoids by any of several means, including surgery

creation of a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum

examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall

removal of tissue from the liver for pathologic examination

removal of liver tissue by using a needle to puncture the skin overlying the liver

excision of a pancreatic stone

resection of portions of the vagus nerve near the stomach