Antibiotic
used to treat and prevent infection (Gentamicin)
Isotonic irrigation solution
Prevents corneal dryness. (BSS)
Cycloplegic
Paralyzes the ciliary muscle and inhibits focusing. (Cylogyl or mydriacyl)
Anesthetic
prevents pain ( Tetracine or opthane)
Anesthetic- Retro bular
blocks the sensory and motor skills behind the eyeball.
miotic (topical)
constricts the pupils (Acetylcholine facilitates drainage of the aqueous humor) Decreases iop (Glaucoma)
Mydriatic ( topical)
Dilates the pupil by paralyzing the iris, allows pt to focus after dilation. ( neosynephrine)
enzyme
additive disperses anesthetic uniformly, prolongs duration of anesthesia block ( wydase )
Viscoelastic / vitreous substitute
prevents sclera from collapsing (sodium hyaluronate, Viscoat)
Anti-Inflammatory
prevents postoperative swelling, (Steroids/ non steroidal anti-inflammatory agent ( NSAID) Celestone, prednisolone)
Vasoconstrictor
hormone additive slows the absorption of anesthetic ( epinephrine)
hyperosmotic
Diuretics, used preoperatively to shrink vitreous body and reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP), aids with scleral closure during retinal detachment repair.
Ointment
used for external ocular infections (gentamycin, neomycin, tobramycin)
lubricants
protects the cornea when eye in unable to close, replaces natural lubrication and prevent corneal drying( larcilube or duratears)