RSE 9
College: First year
sharp, slender process
spine
small rounded projection
tubercle
narrow ridge of bone
crest
large rounded projection
tuberosity
structure supported on neck
head
armlike projection
ramus
rounded convex projection
condyle
narrow depression or opening
fissure
canal-like structure
meatus
opening through a bone
foramen
shallow depression
fossa
air-filled cavity
sinus
large, irregularly shaped projection
trochanter
raised area of a condyle
epicondyle
projection or prominence
process
The four major anatomical classifications of bones are long, short, flat and irregular. Which category has the least amount of spongy bone relative to its total volume?
long
humerus
long
phalanx
long
parietal
flat
calcaneus
irregular
rib
flat
vertebra
irregualr
ulna
long
contains spongy bone in adults
epiphysis
made of compact bone
diaphysis
site of blood cell formation
red marrow cavity
major submembranous site of osteoclasts
endosteum and periosteum
scientific term for bone shaft
diaphysis
contains fat in adult bones
medullary cavity/yellow marrow
growth pate remnant
epiphyseal line
major submembransou site of osteoblasts
endosteum and periosteum
What differences between compact and spongy bone can be seen with the naked eye?
Compact bone appears homogeneous; spongy bone has obvious spaces
What is the function of the periosteum?
Protects the bone and is the structure from which blood vessels and nerves enter bone.
Trace the route taken by nutrients through a bone, starting with the periosteum and ending with an osteocyte in a lacuna.
Periosteum, perforating canal, central (Haversian) canal, canaliculus, osteocyte.
layers of bony matrix around a central canal
concentric lamellae
site of osteocytes
lacunae
longitudinal canal carrying blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves
central canal
minute canals connecting osteocytes of an osteon
canaliculi
inorganic salts depostied in organic ground substance
matrix
How does the appearance of the chondrocytes int he transformation zone differ from those in the growth zone?
Those int he transformation zone are much larger (hypertrophied).
Compare and contrast event s occuring on the epihyseal and disphyseal faces of the epiphyseal plate
Epiphyseal face: cartilage matrix is being laid down. Diaphyseal face: Cartilage matrix is being eroded and replaced by bone matrix.
What is the function of the organic matrix in bone?
To provide flexibility (and strength)
Name the important organic bone component
Collagenic and elastic fibers and ground substances; cells.
Clacium salts form the bulk of the inorganic material in bone. What is the function of the calcium salts?
To provide hardness and strength
Baking removes [a] from bone. Soaking bone in acid removes [b].
A.) water
B.) Calcium salts
Which is responsible for bone structure?
both contribute
supports the external ear
elastic cartilage
between the vertebrae
fibrocartilage
forms the walls of the voice box (larynx)
hyaline cartilage
the epiglottis
elastic cartilage
articular cartilages
hyaline cartilage
meniscus in a knee joint
fibrocartilage
connects the ribs to the sternum
hyaline cartilage
most effective at resisting compression
fibrocartilage
most springy and flexible
elastic cartilage
most abundant
hyaline cartilage