heredity
transmission of info from parents to you
chromosome
threadlike DNA. circular in prokaryotes and linear in eukaryotes
gene
sequence of DNA that codes for a specific trait
locus
location
alleles
the same gene with slightly different information at the location
mutation
change in DNA that's perminant
DNA replication
DNA produces more DNA
semiconservative replication
one strand of DNA is half old and half new
DNA polymerase
governs strand assembly and proofreads
trascription
RNA is produced using DNA as a template
ribosomal RNA
forms ribosomes
messenger RNA
carries instructions to build proteins to the ribosomes
transfer RNA
transfers needed amino acids form cytoplasm to ribsomes
translation
ribosomes "read" messenger RNA and link the coded for amino acids together into proteins
lyophilization
freeze dry
Microbe of the Week: Cat Scratch Fever
Bartonella Henselae or Alpipia felis
bacillus shape, motile
gram negative: pinkish
fastidious: grows on picky conditions
bite from a kitten and not long lasting
mutations
changes in DNA
Point mutation
one base is substituted for another base
frameshift mutation
one or more bases have been inserted or deleted
Causes of mutations
spontaneous
mutagens
Ames test
whether substances induce mutations in strains of Salmonella that cannot produce histidine. If it makes this, it is a mutagen