American Pageant, Volume 1: American Pageant Chapter 34 Flashcards

A conference of 60 nations to organize a coordinated international attack on the global depression, especially by stabilizing the values of various nation's currencies.

Roosevelt's secretary of state he sent to the London conference. Designed trade agreements with Latin America.

Provided for the independence of the Philippines after a twelve year period of economic and political tutelage.

Roosevelt's policy of friendly relations with Latin America

The 1933 conference in Montevideo Uruguay in which the United States formally endorsed noninterventionism.

The millitary strongmen who came to power in Cuba in 1934, overthrowing the Platt Amendment bound government.

1934 act designed to lift American export trade from the dollar doldrums, aimed at both relief and recovery.

The philosophy in which loyalty to the state means everything

Russian dicater

Italian Dictater

1935 agreement with Germany and Italy and Japan

Prevented Debtor nations from borrowing from the United States,

Satirical Princeton group agitating for war benefits before they were drafted.

Headed a senate committee in 1934 to investigate the military industrial complex

The 1935, 1936, and 1937 laws which stipulated that when the president proclaimed the existence of a foreign war, certain restrictions would go into affect.

Led rebels who sought to overthrow the left leaning Republican government of Spain during the Spanish civil war. 1936-1939

Roosevelt called for quarantining Italy and Japan, possibly through economic embargoes.

Gave Hitler a green light to make war on western democracies.

Provided that European democracies might buy American War materials but only on a "cash and carry basis."

British Orater who nerved his people to fight off the fearful air bombings of their cities.

Created the nuclear bombs dropped on Japan.

Freedom of Speech Freedom of Worship Freedom from Want Freedom from Fear

Serviceman's readjustment, prevented unemployment for returning citizens

The policy of allowing Hitler to conquer some territories in hopes that he would leave alone others.

Americans were determined not to be suckered into another war.

European powers could buy American war materials but needed to transport them with their own ships.

The months following the collapse of Poland while France and Britain marked time. ended in April 1940 when Hitler overran his weaker neighbors Denmark and Norway.

The United States agreed to share it's responsibility of upholding the Monroe Doctrine.

propaganda group which advocated for helping Britain.

Leader of the America First Committee.

Argued that America should focus on defending its own shore rather than helping Britain.

A likely republican candidate fro 1940 but lost the nomination to Willkie. Was isolationist and opposed even the lend lease act.

A likely republican candidate for 1940 but lost the nomination to Willkie

The Republican candidate in 1940.

chant of Willkie supporters

Isolationist senator

allowed allied nations to but american war goods on a cash and carry basis

An unarmed American merchant torpedoed by Germany.

This nation fell to Germany in 1940

Although it previously signed a neutrality pact, this nation was invaded by Hitler.

Winston Churchill met with Roosevelt to discuss common problems. Produced the Atlantic Charter.

Agreement between Roosevelt and Churchill that stipulated there would be no territorial changes contrary to the wishes of inhabitants, affirmed the right of self determination, and a new league of nations.

Lend lease shipments had to be protected by American ships, Britain did not have enough destroyers.

U.S destroyer attacked by a German submarine, causing Roosevelt to declare a shoot on sight policy.

US destroyer which engaged in battle with German U boats.

US destroyer sunk off the coast of southwestern Iceland.

December 7, 1941 the day when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor Hawaii.

the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933

1936; close cooperation between Italy and Germany, and soon Japan joined; resulted from Hitler; who had supported Ethiopia and Italy, he overcame Mussolini's lingering doubts about the Nazis.

1921 - president harding invited delegates from Europe and Japan, and they agreed to limit production of war ships, to not attack each other's possessions, and to respect China's independence

Attacked by Italy (Mussolini), seeking power and glory in Africa

In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans, Socialists, and Communists was elected. General Francisco Franco led the rebellion. The revolt quickly became a civil war. The Soviet Union provided arms and advisers to the government forces while Germany and Italy sent tanks, airplanes, and soldiers to help Franco.

not selling weapons to a country

FDR encouraged democracies to quarantine their opponents (economic embargoes); criticized by isolationists

Japanese bombers engaged in war with China bombed and sank the marked U.S. gunboat Panay and three Standard Oil ships, which were evacuating American officials from China. Japan accepted responsibilities of bombing the ships, made a formal apology and promised indemnities later set at $2 million.

Hitler defied the Versailles Treaty when he invaded this demilitarized zone

appeasement; Hitler promised that his last territorial demand was the Sudeten territory from Czechoslovakia

Germany invades Poland

A city in northern France on the North Sea where in World War II (1940) 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches at Dunkirk in a desperate retreat under enemy fire.

September 6, 1940, under this measure, America's first peacetime DRAFT was initiated-provision was made for training 1.2 million troops and 800,000 reserves each year.

series of air strikes on Britain by Germany from August to November of 1940 in an attempt to gain air supremacy. Hitler fails to take Britain; British RAF decimate Nazi pilots. Called the Blitz

Roosevelt's compromise for helping Britain as he could not sell Britain US destroyers without defying the Neutrality Act; Britain received 50 old but still serviceable US destroyers in exchange for giving the US the right to build military bases on British Islands in the Caribbean.

The Japanese wanted to continue their expansion within Asia in the late 1930s and early 40s but the US had placed an extremely restrictive embargo on Japan in the hopes of curbing Japan's aggression. The Japanese decided to launch a surprise attack against the United States at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 (a "day that will live in infamy" according to the famous words of FDR). The United States abandoned its policy of isolationism and entered WWII by declaring war on Japan the following day.

Celebrated on August 15, 1945 after the dropping of the atomic bombs on Japan; the celebrations continued through the official end of WWII on September 2, 1945 when Japan officially surrendered

May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered

33rd President: a. Atomic bombs dropped (1945) b. Yalta Conference (1945)

July 26, 1945 - Allied leaders Truman, Stalin and Churchill met in Germany to set up zones of control and to inform the Japanese that if they refused to surrender at once, they would face total destruction.

June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II.

led the Allied invasion of North African and planned and executed the D-Day invasion at Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge

(1880-1964), U.S. general. Commander of U.S. (later Allied) forces in the southwestern Pacific during World War II, he accepted Japan's surrender in 1945 and administered the ensuing Allied occupation. He was in charge of UN forces in Korea 1950-51, before being forced to relinquish command by President Truman.

1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific

a nonviolent interracial group founded in 1942 by James Farmer to work against segregation in Northern cities

FDR issued this committee in 1941 to enforce the policy of prohibiting employment-related discrimination practices by federal agencies, unions, and companies involved in war-related work It guaranteed the employment of 2 million black workers in the war factories.

United States labor agents recruited thousands of farm and railroad workers from Mexico. The program stimulated emigration for Mexico.

Women's Army Corps

Women Appointed for Volunteer Emergency Service in the Navy

Women serving in the coast guard.

Authorized the federal government to seize and operate tied up industries. Washington took over coal mines and railroads

Government agency that imposed ceilings on wage increases; contested by many labor unions.

Instituted in 1942, this agency was in charge of stabilizing prices and rents and preventing speculation, profiteering, hoarding and price administration. The OPA froze wages and prices and initiated a rationing program for items such as gas, oil, butter, meat, sugar, coffee and shoes in order to support the war effort and prevent inflation.

a government agency set up to oversee production of war materials during World War II

Feb. 19, 1942; 112,000 Japanese-Americans forced into camps causing loss of homes & businesses, 600K more renounced citizenship; demonstrated fear of Japanese invasion

An agreement between Britain and the United States developed at a conference in Washington, D.C., between January 29-March 27, 1941, that should the United States enter World War II, the two nations and their allies would coordinate their military planning, making a priority of protecting the British Commonwealth. That would mean "getting Germany first" in the Atlantic and the European theater and fighting more defensively on other military fronts.

Federal agency created in 1944 to try to help people threatened with murder by the Nazis

Idealistic American volunteers who served in the Spanish Civil War, defending Spanish republican forces from the fascist General Francisco Franco's nationalist coup. Some 3,000 Americans served alongside volunteers from other countries.