• Organelles = Specialized structures which perform specific functions
• Cytoplasm = Fluid which suspends organelles and is found outside of the nucleus and within the plasma membrane
• Plasma membrane = Outer boundary of the cell through which the cell interacts with the environment

The control center of the cell.

Functions:

• Houses DNA
• Contains and protects genetic material (DNA) that provides instructions for functioning and cellular activity.
• It dictates what the cell is going to do and how it is going to do it.
• Commands the synthesis of ribosomes and expression of genes.
• It is also where TRANSCRIPTION and DNA replication happens.

They are made of protein and RNA.

Functions:

• They synthesize proteins that are used inside the cell (free floating ribosomes) as well as outside the cell (membrane bound ribosomes).
• They also read RNA.
• During the Translation process (protein synthesis), strands of mRNA are read which through the formation of amino acids proteins are created.

It is studded with ribosomes that makes it rough.

Functions:

• It synthesizes and modifies proteins and lipids for inside the cell membrane or other membranes within the cell.
• The proteins and lipids are then dispatched to create molecules.
• Some proteins may be secreted through the ER in vesicles.

It does not have contain ribosomes to make it rough.

Functions:

• The synthesis of lipids, carbohydrates, and hormones.
• Lipids are used to synthesize phospholipids for the cell membrane.
• It is also used as detoxification.

Functions:

• It modifies, packages, and sorts carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
• These macromolecules may end up secreted outside the cell.

Membrane-bounded organelle containing a mixture of enzymes.

Functions:

• Protects the rest of the cell from the harsh digestive enzymes contained in the lysosomes.
• Digests foreign matter, pathogens, and expired organelles.

The powerhouse of the cell.

Functions:

• Through cellular respiration, it creates the energy (ATP) for the activity of the cell.
• The plasma membrane controls the exiting and entering of the cell. It is also a barrier between the cell and outside environment.

Made up of centrioles.

Function:

• Stabilizes the structure of the cell.
• Centrosomes organize and guide the chromosomes during the replication of cells.

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Spherical; shape & size varies to some extend.