paired glands suspended in the scrotum

Located in the anterior neck; produces key hormones for metabolism

Produces the hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary

A mixed gland, located behind the stomach and close to the small intestine

bilobed gland located in the sella turcica

found in the pelvic cavity of the female, concerned with ova and female hormone production

found in the upper thorax overlying the heart; large during youth

found in the rood of the third ventricle of the brain

Define Hormones

Define target cell

Stimulates hormone released by Adrenal Cortex

Secrete chemical messenger that travel in the bloodstream

Chemical signaling that effects neighboring cells

Release their secretion through a duct that delivers the secretion to the target location

Release their secretion into the surrounding fluid, from which it enters the bloodstream or lymph to travel to distant cells

Chemical signal that elicit a response in the same cell that secreted it

Tissues or organ that secretes hormones into the blood and lymph without ducts such that they may be transported to organs distant from the site of secretion

Promotes growth of body tissues and is secreted by Anterior Pituitary gland

Promotes milk production and secreted by Anterior Pituitary

Stimulates thyroid hormone release and secreted by Anterior Pituitary

Stimulates kidney to reabsorb water and is secreted by Posterior Pituitary

Stimulates uterine contractions and mammary gland cells; secreted by Posterior pituitary

Stimulates egg and sperm production and secreted by Anterior Pituitary

Stimulates ovaries and testes and secreted by Anterior Pituitary

Stimulates Adrenal Cortex and secreted by Anterior Pituitary

Stimulates T-cell development and secreted by Thymus

Decrease blood glucose level and secreted by Pancreas

Increase blood glucose level and secreted by pancreas

Involved in day and night cycles

Supports sperm formation and male secondary sex characteristics

Triggers the anterior pituitary to secrete hormones from Hypothalamus

Stimulates and maintains metabolic processes, activate T₃ and secreted by Thyroid Gland

Lowers blood calcium levels and secreted by Thyroid Gland

Raises blood calcium level

also known as T 3 , is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate

blood-pressure raising hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal (medulla) gland

similar to epinephrine in its physiological effects but acts to regulate regular physiologic activity rather than being released in response to stress. Secreted by Adrenal (medulla) gland

Promotes glucose synthesis, reduces inflammation, increase blood glucose

Stimulates uterine lining growth and development of female secondary sex characteristics

Promotes uterine lining growth

Release in response to stressors by the Adrenal Cortex

Increases blood Na⁺ levels and secreted by adrenal cortex

Insulin deficit diabetes due to autoimmune disease that usually causes destruction of beta cells, and is treated with insulin replacement therapy.

non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and usually is caused by a combination of genetic/developmental predisposition, environmental factors, and lifestyle factors that lead to insulin receptors (or the 2ndmessenger systems) malfunctioning. This can also lead to beta cells becoming nonfunctional.

produces leptin and other hormones that regulate appetite and assist blood sugar regulation.

caused by loss of insulin production or insulin resistance.

Low blood sugar, causes weakness and sometimes fainting.

Retain sodium and increase Blood Pressure

Promotes glucose production from fats and proteins, and suppress the immune system

Hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands

Enlargement of the thyroid gland, can occur due to tumors(pituitary or thyroid), and dietary deficiency of iodine (follicles swell with unusable colloid; TSH stays high).

undrproducing

overproducing

RH stands for and is made from hypothalamus; example GHRH

IH stands for and is made from hypothalamus; example GHIH

When a target cell decrease the number of receptors makings cell less sensitive to hormone

When a target cell increase the number of receptors making cell more sensitive to hormone

Hormone release caused by another hormone

Hormone release caused by neural input

The concentration of the substance when the gland regulates that triggers or inhibits release of the hormone due to altered levels

The amount that the gland can produce and the time for half of the hormone molecules to degrade(half-life)

When more than one hormone produces the effect at its target cell and their combine effects implifies

Situation where one hormone needs another hormone to produce its full effect

Water soluble hormones

Hormone-receptor combination directly affects the cells DNA, and directly initiates or inhibits some cell function

Lipid soluble hormone