Antidiabetic: Biguanide Flashcards

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1

Metformin

  1. Glucophage
  2. Glumetza
  3. Riomet
2

Mechanism of Action: Metformin

Metformin decreases hyperglycemia by decreasing hepatic glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and increasing insulin sensitivity.

3

FDA Indications: Metformin

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
4

Most Common Adverse Events: Metformin

  • B12 Deficiency
  • V/D
  • Flatulence
  • Malabsorption Syndrome
5

Patient Counseling Tips

...

6

Patients should be advised to take Metformin with ______ to prevent GI upset.

food

NOTE: Patients may experience N/V/D, abdominal discomfort, and flatulence.

7

What rare life threatening condition can be developed while taking Metformin?

Lactic Acidosis

8

Patients should be counseled to monitor for the following symptoms as it may indicate Lactic Acidosis:

  • Feeling weak or tired
  • Slow or irregular heartbeat
  • Unusual muscle pain
  • Trouble breathing
  • Unusual stomach pain
  • Dizziness
  • Feeling cold
9

Patients should be advised to temporarily stop taking Metformin if they are having any type of procedure using _______ ________.

Contrast Dye

10

Patient ____________-release formulations of Metformin can leave shell casing in stool.

Extended-Release

11

Patients should be advised to not break, chew, or crush _________ __________ formulations of Metformin.

Extended-Release

12

Patients taking Metformin should be advised that long-term use can cause _______ deficiency.

B-12 Deficiency