Microbiology is:
The study of microscopic life forms
Medical Microbiology is:
The study of infectious diseases
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Developed the light microscope and observed “little animals” under magnification (1677)
Edward Jenner
Developed the first smallpox vaccination (1796)
Ignaz Semmelweis
Discovered the association between hand washing and a decrease in puerperal infection (1850)
Louis Pasteur
Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and develops the germ theory of infection (1861)
Developed rabies vaccine (1885)
Joseph Lister
First to practice surgery using antiseptic practices (1867)
Robert Koch
Offers the first proof of the germ theory using Bacillus anthracis (1876)
Developed Koch's postulates (four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease) (1882)
Paul Ehrlich
Developed the acid-fast stain (1882)
Discovered a cure for syphilis (1910)
Christian Gram
Developed the Gram stain (1884)
Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovski
Discovered the virus (1892)
Walter Reed
Proved mosquitoes carry Yellow Fever (1900)
Alexander Fleming
Discovered penicilin (1928)
In a prokaryotic cell, the DNA is:
Loose in the cytoplasm
In a eukaryotic cell, the DNA is:
Enclosed in a nuclear membrane
Virology is:
The study of viruses
Bacteriology is:
The study of bacteria
Parasitology is:
The study of parasites
Pathology is:
The study of disease mechanisms
Epidemiology is:
The study of disease or an event pattern
Microorganisms, or microbes, are:
Life forms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye
Found inside and outside the human body
Cell Theory states that the cell is:
The fundamental unit of all living things
Prokaryotic Cells
Cellular organisms that lack a true nucleus
DNA is loose in the cytoplasm
Surrounded by a cell membrane
Eukaryotic Cells
DNA enclosed in a nuclear membrane
Surrounded by a double-layered membrane
Identify the cell membrane
B
Identify the rough endoplasmic reticulum
C
Identify the mitochondrion
D
Identify the golgi complex
E
Identify the lysosome
F
Identify the nucleus
J
Identify the nucleolus
K
Identify the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
M
Pinocytosis is:
Cell Drinking
Phagocytosis is:
Cell eating
Isotonic means:
The concentration of is equal on both the inside and outside of the cell membrane
Hypertonic means:
The concentration is greater outside than inside the cell membrane
Hypotonic means:
The concentration is lower outside the cell membrane then than inside
Osmosis is:
The passing of molecules through a membrane from high to low concentration
Passive Transport
Diffusion is:
Simple movement of particles in a solution, high concentration to low concentration
Passive Transport
The nucleus is:
The control center of the cell
T/F:
The rough endoplasmic reticulum does NOT have ribosomes
False
T/F:
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does NOT have ribosomes
True
The golgi complex is responsible for:
Packing proteins
A lysosome contains:
Enzymes that destroy foreign substances that were ingested by the cell
The mitochondria is:
The powerhouse of the cell
The centrioles are spindle fibers that aid in:
Cell division
Endotoxins are:
Poisons contained in some gram negative microorganisms
*Strong enough to get into the blood stream
Exotoxins are:
Toxins released by living bacterial cells into its surroundings
Hyaluronidase hydrolyzes this protein allowing microorganisms to spread:
Hyaluronic Acid
Leukocidin is an enzyme produced by:
Some bacteria
Leukocidin destroys:
White Blood Cells
Fibrinolysin is an enzyme produced by some virulent organisms that breaks down:
Fibrin (Blood clotting protein)
Coagulase is an enzyme produced by some bacteria that:
Speeds up the blood clotting mechanism, inducing thrombus (blood clot) formation
What are some uses of biotechnology?
Produce food
Design and create surgical instruments
Endospores are:
Dormant spores in the body that are highly resistant to sterilization
Gram-positive bacteria are what color?
Purple
(Crystal Violet)
Gram-negative bacteria are what color?
Pink/Red
(Safranin)
Acid-fast positive bacteria are what color?
Red
Acid-fast negative bacteria are what color?
Blue
(Methylene blue)