Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care: Professional Ethics Flashcards
Generally accepted criteria that serve to differentiate a profession from other occupations or trades
Professional Ethic
deals with the "rightness and wrongness" of an act or behavior as compared with natural reason. Combination of societal laws and values.
Ethics
Ethical reflections that emphasize an intimate personal relationship value system that includes such virtues as sympathy, compassion, fidelity, discernment, and love.
Ethics of Care
Sources for Ethical Attitudes.
Science Culture Religion Experience
defined by laws, rules and regulations, ordinances, and so on.
Societal behavior
Practice behaviors that are defined by members of a profession.
Standards of Professional Conduct
Defined by two distinct documents, professional Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice. Establishes norms for professional conduct.
Professional behavior
Manners and attitudes generally accepted by members of a profession.
Professional Etiquette
Regulations established by government and applicable to people within a certain political subdivision. Can be limiting and are not comprehensive in controlling all possible behaviors. Can be politically motivated and applied unequally.
Laws
Laws need _________ and ______________
enforcement and authority
Rights of individuals or groups that are established and guaranteed by law.
Legal Rights
Basis for rights-based ethical theory; each individual is protected and allowed to pursue personal projects.
Liberal Individualism
Generally accepted customs, principles, or habits of right living and conduct in a society and the individual's practice in relation to these.
Morals
Rights of individuals, or groups that exist separately from governmental or institutional guarantees; usually asserted based on moral principles or rules.
Moral Rights
General, universal guides to action that are derived from so-called basic moral truths that should be respected unless a morally compelling reason exists not to do so; also referred to as ethical principles.
Moral Principles
Articulated statement of role morality as seen by the members of a profession.
Code of Ethics
ARRT's mandatory standards of minimally acceptable professional conduct. These are enforcable and can result in sanctions should the ARRT determine the certificate holder has violated any of the rules
Rules of Ethics
The ARRT Code of Ethics is composed of two parts. What are these two parts and what do they deal with?
Part A - deals with behaviors a professional should aspire to achieve Part B - deals with mandatory rules of acceptable professional conduct
typically static and slow to change in order to reflect changing societal trends and values.
Ethical codes
Situations requiring moral judgement between two or more equally problem-fraught alternatives; two or more competing moral norms are present, creating a challenge about what to do. occur when the correct choice is not clear and personal values may conflict.
Ethical Dilemmas
Ethical Analysis steps
Identification of the problem Developing alternative solutions Selecting the best solution Defending the selection
Bodies of systematically related moral principles used to resolve ethical dilemmas
Ethical Theories
List Ethical Theories.
Consequentialism Nonconsequentialism Social Contracts Rights-based ethics Principle-based ethics Virtue-based ethics
Belief that the worth of actions is determined by their ends or consequences; actions are right or wrong according to the balance of their good and bad consequences.
Consequentialism
Belief that actions themselves, rather than consequences, determine the worth of actions; actions are right or wrong according to the morality of the acts themselves.
Nonconsequentialism
Relationship that exists when two mutually dependent groups in a society recognize certain expectations of each other and conduct their affairs accordingly.
Social contract
Collection or set of values that an individual or group has as each person's personal guide.
Value system
based on an understanding of human rights (right to health care, rights of health professions)
Rights-based ethics
use of moral principles as a basis for defending a chosen path of action in resolving and ethical dilemma
Principle-based ethics
Belief system based on a set of moral principles that are embedded in a common morality.
Principlism
Traits of character that are socially valued, such as courage.
Virtues
use of virtues in establishing right reason in action
Virtue-based ethics
__________ and __________ form the framework of Virtue-based ethics.
Character Virtue
List the basic ethical principles.
Beneficence Nonmaleficence Autonomy Veracity Fidelity Justice
Perform actions that benefit others. Decide and act always to benefit the patient. bringing about good
Beneficence
Above all do no harm. Never perform or allow acts that may harm the patient. preventing harm
Nonmaleficence
Perform actions that respect the independence of other persons. The patient must decide what is done to his or her person. acting with personal self reliance
Autonomy
Being truthful is right To tell the truth is expected. telling the truth
Veracity
Performing acts that observe covenants or promises is right. Be faithful
Fidelity
Performing acts that ensure the fair distribution of goods and harm are right. Be fair or equity
Justice
List the different Professional relationships.
Toward patients Toward physicians Toward co-workers/other health care providers
How to avoid Ethical conflicts.
Understand some situations are unavoidable Clearly understand the right/wrong thing to do Choose right thing to do When unsure, research professional standards of conduct and ethical principles as a guide
Gross violation of commonly held standards of decency or human rights.
Ethical Outrage